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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 81-84.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2011-1860

所属专题： 油料作物； 园艺

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

安徽省沿江地区直播油菜磷肥效应研究

武际 张祥明 胡润 许征宇 张晓玲 郭熙盛 鲁剑巍   

  • 收稿日期:2011-06-23 修回日期:2011-10-06 出版日期:2012-01-25 发布日期:2012-01-25
  • 基金资助:

    国家“十一五”科技支撑计划重点项目

Effects of Phosphorus on Direct-seeding Rapeseed along the Yangtze River Regions in Anhui Province

  • Received:2011-06-23 Revised:2011-10-06 Online:2012-01-25 Published:2012-01-25

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摘要：

为了明确安徽省沿江地区直播油菜的磷肥产量效应，采用田间试验方法，研究了不同磷肥用量对油菜产量、磷肥利用率和经济效益的影响。结果表明：增施磷肥能够显著提高油菜产量，且油菜产量与磷肥施用量间呈正相关关系。当磷肥施用量为90~180 kg/hm2时，油菜获得较高的产量。提高磷肥用量，油菜的磷肥偏生产力呈递减趋势，农学利用率规律不明显。施用磷肥后油菜的经济效益显著，处理P180产值和施肥效益最高，分别为7080.21元/hm2和6540.21元/hm2。产投比以处理P45和P90较高，分别为11.84和11.53。综合考虑油菜施用磷肥的产量和经济效益，本试验条件下，安徽省沿江地区以每公顷施用90 kg P2O5为最佳磷肥用量。

关键词: 小麦, 小麦, α-醇溶蛋白基因, 基因克隆

Abstract:

The research aimed to study effects of phosphorus supply on direct-seeding rapeseed yield, phosphorus recovery efficiency and economic benefits. The results indicated that: P fertilizer could increase rapeseed yield significantly. Rapeseed yield was improved with the amount of P fertilizer added. When the rates of P fertilizer were between 90-180 kg/hm2, rapeseed could achieve higher yield. With the increase of P application rate, partial factor productivity was decreased. But there’s no obvious rule about the P agronomic use efficiency. The results also showed that P fertilizer significantly increased the economic benefits of direct-seeding rapeseed. The treatment of P180 achieved the maximum income and net profit of 7028.21 yuan/hm2 and 6540.21 yuan/hm2, respectively. The treatment of P45 and P90 achieved better the value to cost ratio (VCR) of 11.84 and 11.53, respectively. Taking effects of rapeseed yield, phosphorus use efficiency and profit into consideration, the optimum phosphorus rate was 90 kg/hm2 along the Yangtze River Regions in Anhui under the condition of this experiment.