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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (33): 16-19.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-1666

所属专题： 玉米

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同施肥模式对夏玉米产量及生长发育的影响

夏来坤,刘京宝,黄璐,乔江方,朱卫红,李川   

  1. 河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,河南省农科院粮食作物研究所,河南省农科院粮食作物研究所,河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所
  • 收稿日期:2014-06-12 修回日期:2014-06-12 接受日期:2014-07-17 出版日期:2015-01-08 发布日期:2015-01-08
  • 通讯作者: 刘京宝
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业（农业）科研专项项目“主要农作物抗御季节性干旱技术研究与示范”(201203031)；十二五科技支撑重大项目“黄淮平原南部（河南）小麦玉米丰产节水节肥技术集成与示范”(2013BAD07B07)；河南省农业科技创新项目“水氮互作对高产夏玉米群体产量的影响”(201315617)。

Effects of Different Fertilization Mode on Yield and Growth and Development of Summer Maize

  • Received:2014-06-12 Revised:2014-06-12 Accepted:2014-07-17 Online:2015-01-08 Published:2015-01-08

摘要： 研究不同施肥模式对玉米产量和生长发育影响，探讨玉米最佳机械化施肥模式，为玉米全程机械化生产提供依据。连续2年在河南不同生态区进行多点试验，以‘郑单958’为材料，设置4种施肥模式，比较不同施肥模式下夏玉米产量及生长发育等。结果显示，与对照传统模式比，机械2次施肥的产量和氮肥效率均增加8.8%，穗粒数增加5.9%，千粒重增加1.2%，最终干物质增加9.8%，果穗性状也有一定幅度提高；与经验模式比，机械2次施肥的产量、干物质、果穗性状、氮肥效率等指标与之接近。由此得出，机械2次施肥是较理想的玉米机械化施肥模式。

关键词: 理化性质, 理化性质

Abstract: The paper aims to study different fertilization mode on yield and growth and development of maize, explore the best mechanization fertilization mode and provide the basis for the whole course mechanization pro?duction of maize. Experiments were conducted in different ecological zones in Henan for two consecutive years with‘Zhengdan958’as the material, and four fertilization modes were set to compare yield and growth and de?velopment of summer maize. The results showed that, compared to CK, the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of twice mechanization fertilization mode increased 8.8% and the kernel number per spike increased 5.9%, the 1000-kernel weight increased 1.2%, the plant dry matter increased 9.8% and ear characters increased to a cer?tain extant. The yield and yield components, dry matter, ear characters and nitrogen use efficiency of twice mechanization fertilization mode were similar to that of empirical mode. The twice mechanization fertilization mode was an ideal field mechanization fertilization model.