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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (32): 26-32.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15060147

所属专题： 水产渔业

• 水产 渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同条件下副溶血弧菌对墨吉明对虾致病性研究

赵吉臣1,王毓勉1,王 刚1,陈兆明1,2,孙成波1,2   

  1. (1广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江 524088；2广东高校海产无脊椎动物养殖工程技术研究中心,广东湛江 524025）
  • 收稿日期:2015-06-29 修回日期:2015-10-17 接受日期:2015-09-15 出版日期:2015-11-16 发布日期:2015-11-16
  • 通讯作者: 孙成波
  • 基金资助:
    广东省科技计划项目“对虾物联网工程化高效养殖关键技术研究”(2013B020201001)；广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项“循环水养殖水质智能化监控装备与技术”(A201301D02)。

Pathogenicity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus to Penaeus merguiensis Under Different Conditions

Zhao Jichen1, Wang Yumian1, Wang Gang1, Chen Zhaoming1,2, Sun Chengbo1,2   

  1. (1Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang Guangdong 524088; 2Tropical Invertebrates Aquaculture Research Center of Guangdong Colleges and Universities, Zhanjiang Guangdong 524025)
  • Received:2015-06-29 Revised:2015-10-17 Accepted:2015-09-15 Online:2015-11-16 Published:2015-11-16

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摘要： 为研究墨吉明对虾的弧菌病防控措施，通过人工注射感染的方式，研究不同数量副溶血弧菌及在不同温度、盐度、pH、不同硝酸氮、亚硝酸氮和氨氮浓度条件下副溶血弧菌对墨吉明对虾的致病性的影响。结果表明：当人工感染副溶血弧菌数量为3.92×106 CFU以上时，24 h内对虾累计死亡率100%，副溶血弧菌数量为3.92×105 CFU时，24 h对虾累计死亡率为50%。温度为32℃时，对虾累计死亡率最高，在一定范围内，随着温度的升高对虾累计死亡率升高。在温度为(24±1)℃时，盐度为10‰时对虾的死亡率最高，盐度为30‰次之，盐度为20‰时最低；在温度为(24±1)℃，盐度为(22±1)‰时，对虾累计死亡率pH 9时最高，pH 7时次之，pH 8时最低；温度为(24±1)℃，盐度为(22±1)‰，硝酸氮浓度为30.0 mg/L时，对虾累计死亡率最高，浓度为20.0 mg/L时次之，浓度为10.0 mg/L时最低；亚硝酸氮浓度为10.0 mg/L时死亡率最高，5.0 mg/L时死亡率次之，1.0 mg/L时死亡率最低；氨氮浓度为1.5 mg/L时死亡率最高， 1.0 mg/L时死亡率次之，0.5 mg/L时死亡率最低。实验证实：当副溶血弧菌数量为3.92×105 CFU以上和数量为3.92×104 CFU爆发72 h之后，弧菌病难以控制；在26~32℃范围内，随着温度的升高对虾累计死亡率升高；盐度与pH对墨吉明对虾的致病性可能与噬菌体有关；硝酸氮对感染副溶血弧菌的墨吉明对虾有胁迫作用；一定范围内亚硝酸氮浓度(1.0~10.0 mg/L)、氨氮浓度(0.5~1.5 mg/L)越高，副溶血弧菌对墨吉明对虾的致病性的影响越强，对虾累计死亡率越高。该试验为墨吉明对虾的弧菌病防控提供了坚实的基础。

关键词: 棉花, 棉花, 杂草种类, 发生规律, 综合治理

Abstract: In order to provide theoretical foundation of Vibrio control for Fenneropenaeus merguiensis, pathogenicity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus to Fenneropenaeus merguiensis by different quantities, and under different temperatures, salinities, pH, and concentrations of nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen were studied. The results showed that the death rate of Fenneropenaeus merguiensis was 100% in 24 h when the quantity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was beyond 3.92×106 CFU, and the death rate was 50% when the quantity of Vibrio prehaemolyticus was 3.92×105 CFU. When the temperature was 32℃, the accumulation death rate was the highest, and the death rate increased with the increase of temperature within a certain range. When the temperature was (24±1)℃, the death rate was the highest when salinity was 10‰, followed by 30‰, and it was the lowest when salinity was 20‰. When the temperature was (24±1)℃ and the salinity was (22±1)‰, the death rate was the highest when pH 9, and it decreased when pH 7, and it was the lowest when pH 8. When the temperature was (24±1)℃ and the salinity was (22±1)‰, the death rate was the highest when the concentration of nitrate nitrogen was 30.0 mg/L, followed by 20.0 mg/L, and it was the lowest when the concentration of nitrate nitrogen was 10.0 mg/L. Under the same temperature and salinity, the death rate was the highest when the concentration of nitrite nitrogen was 10.0 mg/L, followed by 5.0 mg/L, and it was the lowest when the concentration of nitrite nitrogen was 1.0 mg/L. The death rate was the highest when the concentration of ammonia nitrogen was 1.5 mg/L, followed by 1.0 mg/L, and it was the lowest when the concentration of ammonia nitrogen was 0.5 mg/L. The research indicated that when the quantity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was up to 3.92×105 CFU or 3.92×104 CFU for 72 h, it was hard to control. The death rate of Fenneropenaeus merguiensis would rise with the increase of temperature when the temperature was from 26℃ to 32℃. The influence of salinity and pH to the pathogenicity for Fenneropenaeus merguiensis might be related to bacteriophage. The results indicated that nitrate nitrogen had stress effect on Fenneropenaeus merguiensis. In a certain range, pathogenicity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus to Fenneropenaeus merguiensis was more serious and the death ratio was higher with the increase concentration of nitrite nitrogen (1.0~10.0 mg/L) and ammonia nitrogen (0.5~1.5 mg/L). The results lay a foundation for the Vibrio prevention of Fenneropenaeus merguiensis.

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