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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (14): 194-199.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15120040

所属专题： 小麦

• 工程 机械 水利 装备 • 上一篇    下一篇

滴灌带间距和灌水定额对春小麦产量和水分利用效率的影响

赵 妍,王凤新,周 奇,杨开静,张友良   

  1. (中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京 100083）
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-08 修回日期:2016-01-06 接受日期:2016-01-25 出版日期:2016-05-17 发布日期:2016-05-17
  • 通讯作者: 王凤新
  • 基金资助:
    农业部公益性行业科研项目“小麦、玉米滴灌条件下需水需肥规律及高产高效栽培技术研究与示范”(201203012-3)；农业部公益性行业科研项目“河西走廊玉米、小麦田间节水节肥节药综合技术方案”(201503125)。

Effect of Drip Tape Distance and Irrigation Amount on Spring Wheat Yield and Water Use Efficiency

Zhao Yan, Wang Fengxin, Zhou Qi, Yang Kaijing, Zhang Youliang   

  1. (College of Water Resource and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083)
  • Received:2015-12-08 Revised:2016-01-06 Accepted:2016-01-25 Online:2016-05-17 Published:2016-05-17

PDF (PC)

536

摘要： 为了探究春小麦合适的滴灌灌水定额和滴灌带间距组合，2015年3—7月进行了春小麦大田试验，研究3种滴灌带间距(D1：60 cm、D2：90 cm、D3：120 cm)和3种灌水定额(I1：35 mm、I2：45 mm、 I3：55 mm)对西北旱区春小麦产量和水分利用效率的影响。试验结果表明：产量最高的处理为D1I2达到8964 kg/hm2。当滴灌带间距为60 cm和90 cm时，灌水定额从35 mm增加至45 mm时产量显著增加，灌水定额达到55 mm时产量分别下降9.5%和2.2%。灌水定额为35 mm和45 mm时，滴灌带间距60 cm的处理产量显著高于滴灌带间距120 cm的处理；灌水定额增加到55 mm时，3个滴灌带间距处理产量无显著差异。水分利用效率在1.57~2.11 kg/m3间变化，最高的为D2I2处理。综合考虑产量、灌水量、水分利用效率和滴灌带投入，D2I2处理是该地区最优的滴灌带间距和灌水定额组合。

关键词: 烤烟, 烤烟, 氯含量, 分布特征, 影响因素, 黔西南州

Abstract: A field experiment of spring wheat was conducted from March to July in 2015 to find out the optimum irrigation amount and drip tape distance, the effect of three drip tape distances (D1: 60 cm, D2: 90 cm and D3: 120 cm) and three irrigation amount (I1: 35 mm, I2: 45 mm and I3: 55 mm) on spring wheat yield and water use efficiency were studied. The results showed that D1I2 treatment had the highest yield of 8964 kg/hm2. When the drip tape distance was 60 cm or 90 cm, the yield increased significantly when the irrigation amount increased from 35 to 45 mm, while the yield decreased by 9.5% and 2.2% when the irrigation amount was 55 mm. When the irrigation amount was 35 or 45 mm, the yield of D1 treatment was significantly higher than that of D3 treatment; but when the irrigation amount increased to 55mm, the yield of the three drip tape distance treatments had no obvious difference. Water use efficiency ranged from 1.57 to 2.11 kg/m3 and the highest one appeared in D2I2 treatment. Taking yield, irrigation amount, water use efficiency and input of drip tapes into consideration, treatment D2I2 was recommended as the best combination of drip tape distance and irrigation amount in this area.