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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (14): 187-193.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16020077

所属专题： 油料作物； 园艺

• 工程 机械 水利 装备 • 上一篇    下一篇

油菜毯状苗移栽机拨苗装置的设计与试验

何少明1,孙松林1,2,肖名涛2,周惠根2,曹 林2,邹 楠2   

  1. (1湖南农业大学工学院,长沙 410128；2湖南省现代农业机械装备工程技术研究中心,长沙 410128）
  • 收稿日期:2016-02-23 修回日期:2016-03-18 接受日期:2016-04-05 出版日期:2016-05-17 发布日期:2016-05-17
  • 通讯作者: 孙松林
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省科技重点研发计划项目“南方丘陵山区稻油机械化生产关键技术研究与产业化”(2015NK2006)。

Seedling Dialing out Device on Transplanting Machine for Blanket Rapeseed

He Shaoming1, Sun Songlin1,2, Xiao Mingtao2,, Zhou Huigen2, Cao Lin2, Zou Nan2   

  1. (1College of Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128;2Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Modern Agricultural Equipment, Changsha 410128)
  • Received:2016-02-23 Revised:2016-03-18 Accepted:2016-04-05 Online:2016-05-17 Published:2016-05-17

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摘要： 针对2ZY-4型油菜移栽机人工投苗效率低、劳动强度大等问题，设计了一种油菜毯状苗自动拨苗装置，分析了影响油菜毯状苗拨苗伤苗率和漏拨率的主要因素，对拨苗角度、转速和基质含水率等影响因素进行了单因素和多因素正交回归试验。因素试验结果表明，当拨苗角度为55°~65°，转速为50~ 60 r/min，基质含水率为26.38%~28.56%时，拨苗装置能够满足农艺要求。多因素正交回归试验结果表明，影响伤苗率的因素大小依次为拨苗角度、转速、基质含水率；影响漏拨率的因素大小依次为拨苗角度、基质含水率、转速；当拨苗角度为64.05°、基质含水率为26.66%、转速为52.62 r/min时，伤苗率为5.49%，漏拨率为11.38%。因此，该试验表明，该拨苗装置能够满足农艺要求，并为后期设计一种4行全自动油菜毯状苗移栽机提供基础。

关键词: 草颗粒, 草颗粒, 热带牧草, 加工, 利用

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of low efficiency and high labor intensity of 2ZY-4 type rape transplanting machine, an automatic seedling dialing out device for blanket rapeseed is designed. The single factor and multi-factor orthogonal experiments are carried out on the basic factors including the seedling angle, water content of substrate and rotational speed, to study their influence on injury seedling rate and failure rate. The results of single factor experiment showed that the device could meet the agricultural requirements when the seedling angle was 55°-65°, the rotational speed was 50-60 r/min, and the water content of substrate was 26.38%-28.56%. The results of multi-factor orthogonal experiment showed that the seedling angle had the biggest influence on the injury seedling rate, followed by the rotational speed and the water content of substrate. And the seedling angle had the biggest influence on the failure rate, followed by the water content of substrate and the rotational speed. When the seedling angle was 64.05°, the rotational speed was 52.62 r/min and the water content of substrate was 26.66%, the injury seedling rate was 5.49% and the failure rate was 11.38%. Therefore, the test shows that the device can meet the agricultural requirements and provide a practical basis for designing a kind of 4-row full-automatic transplanting machine of blanket rapeseed.