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中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (22): 194-199.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15120122

所属专题: 园艺

• 食品 营养 检测 安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

黑茶品质成分及加工研究进展

王银诚1,2,袁海波1,江用文1   

  1. (1中国农业科学院茶叶研究所/浙江省茶叶加工工程重点实验室,杭州 310008;2中国农业科学院研究生院,北京 100081)
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-21 修回日期:2016-01-18 接受日期:2016-02-22 出版日期:2016-08-09 发布日期:2016-08-09
  • 通讯作者: 江用文
  • 基金资助:
    中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项“茶叶加工与质量控制”(CAAS-ASTIP-TRICAAS);国家自然科学基金项目“国家茶叶产业技术体系红茶加工岗位”(CARS-23)。

Advances in Quality Components and Process of Dark Tea

Wang Yincheng1,2, Yuan Haibo1, Jiang Yongwen1   

  1. (1Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Tea Processing Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310008; 2Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081)
  • Received:2015-12-21 Revised:2016-01-18 Accepted:2016-02-22 Online:2016-08-09 Published:2016-08-09

摘要: 黑茶作为中国六大茶类中的一种,近年来因其独特的保健作用及便于储藏、耐冲泡的特点而备受欢迎,其渥堆过程中微生物、渥堆工艺及保健作用等也被广泛研究。它是一种后发酵茶,经渥堆其生化成分发生一系列的化学反应,形成不同于其他茶类的独特风味。渥堆是黑茶加工中最关键的工序,其实质是以微生物活动为中心,在湿热、微生物以及胞外酶的相互作用下使多酚类物质自动氧化。综述黑茶某些品质成分,初加工中渥堆工艺、渥堆微生物及生化成分变化情况,初加工配套工艺技术以及深加工相关研究,概括黑茶目前的主要研究情况并展望今后黑茶的深入研究方向,即开展微生物、酶、品质成分三者间内在关联的研究,揭示黑茶特征风味形成机理,以及加工机械化、规模化、清洁化等研究,以期为黑茶的进一步研究提供基础和借鉴。

关键词: 补光, 补光, ‘巨峰’葡萄, 生长发育, 光合荧光特性

Abstract: The dark tea, as one of China’s six major kinds of tea, has been very popular in recent years for its health function as well as its suitability for being stored easily and being brewed many times, and its microorganism of pile, the pile fermentation process, health function and so on have been extensively studied. The dark tea is a post-fermented tea, its biochemical compositions produce a series of chemical reactions and form the unique flavor that is different from other kinds of tea under the piling. As the key process, the essence of the piling is the automatic polyphenols oxidation with microbial activity and the interaction of heat and humidity, microbes and extracellular enzyme. The related research about dark tea quality components, pile technology of pretreating, microbiological and biochemical composition changes, pretreating matching technology and deep processing are reviewed in this article for a further study on dark tea. Besides, the authors make an outlook on future research directions of dark tea, including carrying out related internal research on microorganism, enzyme and quality components, revealing the tea flavor formation mechanism as well as mechanized, large-scale and clean dark tea processing.

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