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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (36): 11-15.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16020012

所属专题： 水稻

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同播栽期的温度对水稻‘宜香优1108’生长及产量的影响

敖 芹1,2，谷晓平1，姚 熠2，杨金昌2，代云昌3，陈月鸿3   

  1. （1贵州省山地气候与资源重点实验室，贵阳 550002；2遵义市气象局，贵州遵义 563002；
    3凤冈县气象局，贵州凤冈 564200）
  • 收稿日期:2016-02-02 修回日期:2016-12-05 接受日期:2016-03-25 出版日期:2016-12-26 发布日期:2016-12-26
  • 通讯作者: 谷晓平
  • 基金资助:
    西南突发性灾害应急与防控技术集成与示范(2012BAD20B06)；遵义市气象局气象科技开放研究基金“基于GIS凤冈优质米种植气候区划研究”（遵气科合KF[2016]05号）。

‘Yixiangyou1108’: Growth and Yield Under Temperatures of Different Sowing Dates

Ao Qin1,2, Gu Xiaoping1, Yao Yi2, Yang Jinchang2, Dai Yunchang3, Chen Yuehong3   

  1. (1Guizhou Key Laboratory of Mountainous Climate and Resources, Guiyang 550002;
    2Zunyi Meteorological Bureau, Zunyi Guizhou 563002;
    3Fenggang Meteorological Bureau, Fenggang Guizhou 564200)
  • Received:2016-02-02 Revised:2016-12-05 Accepted:2016-03-25 Online:2016-12-26 Published:2016-12-26

摘要： 以凤冈水稻主栽品种‘宜香优1108’为试验材料，于2015年4—10月在风冈农业示范园区通过田间分期播种试验，设置4个水稻播种移栽期，分析了不同播栽期的温度对水稻生长动态和产量特征的影响。结果表明：（1）随播栽期的延后，水稻全生育期明显缩短；所需≥10℃积温值减少；最大分蘖数有所增加，但增加不明显；株高逐渐降低，且减少较显著。（2）除Ⅲ、Ⅳ播期抽穗开花期和灌浆成熟期气温适宜度较低外，4个播期的其他生育阶段温度适宜度均较好。（3）随着播期的延后，穗粒数、结实粒数、千粒重、理论产量均减少，且差异性显著，其中穗粒数和穗结实粒数减少是导致产量下降的主要原因。以上研究结果可为合理安排水稻播栽期，提高水稻产量提供理论依据，以期为夏伏旱的避灾和减灾提供科学的决策依据。

关键词: 小麦, 小麦, 低温胁迫, 植物生长调节剂, 研发

Abstract: Taking ‘Yixiangyou1108’, which is one of main rice cultivars in Fenggang, as the experiment material, the authors set 4 sowing date treatments at Fenggang agricultural demonstration garden in Guizhou Province from April to October 2015, to analyze the effects of temperature of different sowing dates on growth dynamics and yield features of ‘Yixiangyou1108’. The results showed that: (1) with the delaying of the sowing date, the whole growth period was shortened and ≥10℃ accumulated temperature of rice decreased, the maximum tiller number had no obvious increase and the plant height significantly reduced; (2) except that the temperature suitability of heading to flowering stage and filling and ripening stage in Ⅲ, Ⅳ sowing dates was relatively low, the temperature suitability was better in the rest of growth period; (3) grains per spike, mature grain number, kernel weight and theoretical yield significantly decreased with the delaying of the sowing date, and the decrease of grains per spike and the mature grain number were the main reason for yield declining. The research could provide a theoretical basis for reasonably arranging the sowing date of rice and yield increase, in order to avoid the summer drought and reduce its damage to rice production.