臭氧化葵花油对甜瓜根结线虫的防治效果研究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16030121

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 臭氧化葵花油（Oleozon）良好的稳定性与极强的氧化性，可有效杀死土壤中的病原微生物。为验证Oleozon在防治根结线虫中的应用前景，以食用葵花油为实验材料，采用体外实验研究了不同剂量Oleozon对根结线虫2龄幼虫的致死率及其对虫卵孵化率的影响；进而通过盆栽实验，验证了不同剂量Oleozon对甜瓜根结线虫的防治效果。结果表明：Oleozon对二龄幼虫具有较好的杀灭作用，最低剂量Oleozon（0.5 g/L）对二龄幼虫的杀灭效果优于饱和臭氧水，当其浓度高于2 g/L时，其对二龄幼虫的杀灭效果较50%辛硫磷1000倍液更为显著。此外，Oleozon对于卵囊中虫卵和游离虫卵孵化的抑制效果与其浓度正相关，当Oleozon浓度高于5 g/L时，其对于卵囊中虫卵的抑制率可达60%以上，而不同浓度Oleozon处理后其对游离虫卵的抑制率达到了51.1～96.8%，而50%辛硫磷对二者的抑制率分别为28.9%和57.4%，臭氧水对二者的抑制率仅为14.3%和33.1%。盆栽试验结果显示，Oleozon可显著降低根结线虫的发病，其中，5 g/L及10 g/L的Oleozon的防效最为显著（分别为79.2%和88.7%），而对照药剂的防效分别为18.9%和50.9%；此外，Oleozon处理后甜瓜的根结数、二龄幼虫数量及虫卵数量显著降低，且根系发育状况较好，说明施用Oleozon能够有效防治根结线虫对甜瓜的危害。

关键词: 达乌尔黄鼠, 达乌尔黄鼠, 生态学, 研究进展

Abstract: Abstract：Ozonized sunflower oil (Oleozon) is an oxidizing agent with excellent stability. In order to evaluate its application prospect on root-knot nematodes, investigations on the use of series of Oleozon were conducted. In vitro studies were carried out to determine the efficacy of Oleozon on mortality of second-stage juveniles and egg hatching against root-knot nematode. Additionally, the control efficiency of Oleozon with different ratios on muskmelon root-knot nematode was tested via pot experiments. The results indicated that Oleozon was effective against the nematode in regards to mortality of second-stage juveniles and egg hatching inhibition and better than ozonized water and phoxim. Compared with ozonized water, the mortality rate of juvenile was higher in Oleozon at 0.5 g/L. When the dosage of Oleozon above 2 g/L, the control efficacy in juvenile mortality was even more significantly than 1000 times liquid of 50% phoxim. Besides, the reduction for the egg mass population of nematodes was dosage dependent. As is evident from the data, the egg hatching in ootheca was reduced more than 60% when the concentration of Oleozon above 5 g/L, while the values of phoxim was only 28.9%. Different concentrations of Oleozon caused 51.1～96.8% suppression in egg hatching of dissociative nematode, with 33.1% and 57.4% in controls. Oleozon at 5 and 10 g/L showed highest efficiency to nematodes in in vivo pot experiments with 79.2% and 88.7% than controls, which were 18.9% and 50.9%, respectively. Furthermore, Oleozon prominently decreased the quantities, second-stage juveniles and eggs of root-knots compared with the control treatments. Results suggest that application of Oleozon gave better growth on muskmelons.Thus, Oleozon showed good bio-control potential against root-knot nematodes in muskmelon protection.

中图分类号:

S652
S436.5

马瑜,朱海云,柯杨,李勃. 臭氧化葵花油对甜瓜根结线虫的防治效果研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2017, 33(3): 149-154.

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