关键词: 藏西北, 藏西北, 潜在蒸散量, 气候变化, 水分盈亏

Abstract: Based on the land use data from 2000 to 2014, the remote sensing data of TM images in 2000 and 2014, the authors used GIS technology, mathematical statistics method to analyze the spatial-temporal variation of land use in Fuxian lake basin from land use change amplitude, land use dynamic degree, the direction of land use transformation, and landscape structure. The results show that: (1) the major land use types were arable land, forest land, water land and unused land. In addition to water land, the other land use types took place greatly changes. From 2000 to 2014, the areas of unused land decreased, while the forest land, residential and industrial land,grassland, traffic land , orchard continued to increase, and the arable land reduced at first and then expanded. The integrated degree of land use in each township was between 0.75% and 7.64%, which appeared that the integrated degree of north basin is greater than that of southern, and the lake district is greater than mountain area. (2) There were 23 types of land use conversion in this region, with the total area of 18834.33hm2, which accounted for 12.15% of the study area. The major patterns of land use change were mutual conversions of unused land and arable land and forest land, conversions of arable land and residential and industrial land, conversions of arable land and traffic land. These conversion land mostly located in Qinglong town and Longjie town. (4) Throughout the study period of the landscape fragmentation index, diversity index, evenness index all raised, while the dominance index was in a downward trend. The area of each type land use tended to be more average and diversification. The conclusion of this paper is that human activities have strong influence on the formation of land use pattern. The population growth and economic development is the main driving force, the urbanization play an important role in the changes of land use in this region, too.