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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (11): 81-85.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17030072

所属专题： 水稻

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

纳米膨润土包膜氮肥对晚稻产量与氮素利用率的影响

李旭霞,宋海星   

  1. 湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南农业大学资源环境学院
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-11 修回日期:2017-05-23 接受日期:2017-05-25 出版日期:2018-04-16 发布日期:2018-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 宋海星
  • 基金资助:
    湖南双季稻区水稻化肥农药减施增效技术集成于示范（项目编号2016YFD0200809） 国家重点研发课题组,

Effect of Nano-bentonite Coated Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Late Rice

  • Received:2017-03-11 Revised:2017-05-23 Accepted:2017-05-25 Online:2018-04-16 Published:2018-04-16

摘要： 采用大田试验，研究了不同比例纳米膨润土包膜氮肥及不同施氮水平对晚稻生长、产量和氮素利用率的影响。结果表明：施用纳米膨润土包膜氮肥处理的产量、千粒重、穗粒数等均显著高于空白处理(CK)，其中施用氮肥处理比CK处理的产量高出21.53%~28.01% (P＜0.05)，不同施氮水平下施用纳米膨润土包膜氮肥对晚稻产量差异有影响， 10%纳米膨润土包膜氮肥在不减氮、减氮20%及减氮30%时，产量分别为7178.54、7220.28、7236.95 kg/hm2，与常规氮肥处理(7095.21 kg/hm2)相比，增加了1.17%、1.76%和1.99%，差异均不显著(P＞0.05)，15%纳米膨润土包膜氮肥不减氮时产量为7270.30 kg/hm2，增加2.47% (P＞0.05)，减氮20%~30%时减产0.12%~3.17% (P＞0.05)；施用纳米膨润土包膜氮肥的处理，结实率均低于常规氮肥处理，差异不显著(P＞0.05)；纳米膨润土包膜氮肥在减氮条件下，SPAD值无显著差异(P＞0.05)。成熟期籽粒中氮素累积量，施氮肥处理极显著高于不施肥处理，且以15%纳米膨润土包膜氮肥减氮20%时氮素积累量最高(68.92 kg N/hm2)；纳米膨润土包膜氮肥的氮肥利用率(49.3%~67.1%)高于常规氮肥处理(46.5%) 2.8%~20.6%，氮肥利用率均有所增加，综合产量、结实率和氮肥利用率等考虑，10%纳米膨润土减氮20%的效果更佳。

关键词: 解冻, 解冻, 水产品, 射频解冻, 微波解冻, 介电特性

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different proportions of nano-bentonite coated nitrogen fertilizer and N application levels on growth, yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) of late rice. The results showed that the yield, 1000 grain weight and grain number per spike of nano-bentonite coated nitrogen fertilizer treatment were significantly higher than those of CK. Compared with CK, the yield of N application treatment increased by 21.53% to 28.01% (P＜0.05). The effect of nano- bentonite coated nitrogen fertilizer on late rice yield was different under different N application levels, the yield was 7178.54, 7220.28 and 7236.95 kg/hm2 under 10% nano-bentonite coated nitrogen fertilizer application with 0%, 20% and 30% N reduction, respectively, which increased by 1.17%, 1.76% and 1.99% compared with that under conventional N treatment (7095.21 kg/hm2), and the difference was not obvious (P＞0.05). By adding 15% nano- bentonite coated nitrogen fertilizer, the rice yield increased by 2.47% with 0% N reduction and decreased by 0.12%- 3.17% with 20%- 30% N reduction (P＞0.05). Compared with the conventional N treatment, the seed setting rate of nano- bentonite coated nitrogen fertilizer treatment was lower, and the difference was not obvious (P＞0.05); under N reduction, SPAD value of nano- bentonite coated nitrogen fertilizer treatment had no significant difference. The nitrogen accumulation amount in grains at mature period was significantly higher than that without N fertilizer treatment, and 15% nano- bentonite coated nitrogen fertilizer treatment with 20% N reduction enabled the highest N accumulation (68.92 kg N/hm2); the nitrogen use efficiency of nano-bentonite coated nitrogen fertilizer (49.3%~67.1%) was 2.8%~20.6% higher than that of conventional nitrogen fertilizer treatment (46.5%). The results suggest that adding 10% nano-bentonite coated nitrogen fertilizer with 20% N reduction had the best effect on rice yield, setting rate and NUE.