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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (24): 123-127.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17060048

所属专题： 园艺

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

微生物菌肥不同组成对苹果生长及 15N-氮素吸收利用和损失的影响

陈建明,葛顺峰,沙建川,丰艳广,姜远茂   

  1. 山东农业大学,山东农业大学,山东农业大学,山东农业大学,山东农业大学
  • 收稿日期:2017-06-07 修回日期:2017-08-07 接受日期:2017-08-24 出版日期:2018-08-28 发布日期:2018-08-28
  • 通讯作者: 姜远茂
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“苹果氮素高效利用的根层土壤氮素调控机制”(31501713)；国家重点研发计划“苹果化肥农药减施增效技术集成研究 与示范”(2016YFD0201100)；国家现代农业产业技术体系建设资金项目“苹果营养诊断与施肥”(CARS-28)。

Effects of Different Compositions of Microbial Fertilizer on Apple Growth and Absorption, Utilization and Loss of 15N-urea

  • Received:2017-06-07 Revised:2017-08-07 Accepted:2017-08-24 Online:2018-08-28 Published:2018-08-28

摘要： 以2 年生红富士/平邑甜茶为试材，利用15N同位素标记，研究了不同微生物菌肥对苹果生长及15N-氮素吸收利用和损失的影响。试验设4 个处理：T1（微生物菌肥）、T2（不添加微生物菌的载体）、T3（与微生物菌肥等N、P、K含量的化肥）及CK（空白对照）。结果表明：T1 处理植株总鲜重、新梢长度、根冠比、根系活力及根表面积最高，其次为T2 处理，其他两个处理差异不显著。不同处理土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量差异显著，均以T1 处理最高，T2 处理次之，随后为T3 处理，CK最小。不同处理各类微生物数量表现一致，微生物数量均以细菌最多，放线菌次之，真菌最少。细菌、真菌、放线菌数量、土壤酶活性、15N利用率以及土壤中的15N残留率均以T1处理最高，T2处理次之，T3和CK显著不差异。

关键词: 蓝莓, 蓝莓, 生态气候适宜度, 模糊数学, 评价, 模型

Abstract: Two years Fuji/malus hupehensis was used to study the effects of different microbial fertilizers on apple growth and absorption, utilization and loss of 15N-urea by 15N isotope labeling. Four treatments were designed: T1 (microbial fertilizer), T2 (microbial fertilizer without carrier), T3 (microbial fertilizer + NPK fertilizers) and CK (no fertilizer). The results showed that the highest total fresh weight, shoot length, root shoot ratio, root activity and root surface area were found in T1, followed by T2, and there was no significant difference between T3 and CK. The differences of soil alkali-hydrolyzable N, available P and available K of different treatments were significant, the highest contents appeared in T1, then was T2, followed by T3, CK was the lowest. In the four treatments, the number of bacteria was the most, then was actinomycetes, and fungi was the least. The highest amount of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, and the highest soil enzyme activities, 15N utilization rate and15N residual rate were found in T1, then was T2, no significant difference was found between T3 and CK.