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中国农学通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 35-41.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18010023

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

天山雪岭云杉森林化感物质对种子萌发的影响

田雅丽1, 常顺利1,2, 张毓涛2, 王艳阳1, 王诗慧1   

  1. 1.新疆大学资源与环境科学学院绿洲生态教育部重点实验室;2.新疆林科院森林生态研究所
  • 收稿日期:2018-01-04 修回日期:2018-03-05 接受日期:2018-03-12 出版日期:2019-01-11 发布日期:2019-01-11
  • 通讯作者: 常顺利
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“乌鲁木齐河流域天山云杉森林水源涵养功能的模式优化”(U1503187);“十二五”农村领域国家科技计划课题“西 北内陆河防护林体系结构定向调控技术研究与示范”(2015BAD07B03-03)。

Effect of Allelochemicals of Picea schrenkiana Forests on Seed Germination in Tianshan

  • Received:2018-01-04 Revised:2018-03-05 Accepted:2018-03-12 Online:2019-01-11 Published:2019-01-11

摘要: [目的]化感作用很有可能是云杉森林更新障碍的主要机制之一,云杉森林中各类型化感物质对种子萌发与幼苗存活各阶段影响的异同尚不十分明确。[方法]本文以雪岭云杉种子、两种单子叶植物(小麦、苏丹草)种子和两种双子叶植物(白萝卜、辣椒)种子为材料,利用培养皿滤纸法分析雪岭云杉森林的七种化感物质(对羟基苯甲酸、阿魏酸、肉桂酸、3,4-二羟基苯乙酮、香草酸、绿原酸和香豆素)对种子萌发的影响。[结果]结果表明:(1)在七种化感物质的作用下,单子叶植物苏丹草种子表现出“低促高抑”的抑制效果,且浓度越高,抑制作用越强。而双子叶植物辣椒和雪岭云杉种子发芽率则出现“浓度效应”;(2)七种化感物质的自毒效应强于化感效应,且高浓度香豆素对雪岭云杉种子发芽的抑制效应最强,可能是云杉重要化感物质;(3)三类化感物质对单双子叶植物化感作用强度的总趋势为:香豆素类﹥酮类﹥酚酸类,但不同酚酸类物质对种子萌发的抑制强度存在较大差异。[结论]因此,雪岭云杉森林化感物质对5种植物种子具有不同程度的化感作用,且化感作用强度与化感物质种类及浓度密切相关。

关键词: 春小麦, 春小麦, 净光合速率, 光响应曲线

Abstract: The paper aims to explore the effects of allelochemicals of Picea schrenkiana forests on seed germination of plants. The seeds of Picea schrenkiana, two kinds of monocotyledon seeds (Sorghum sudanese, wheat) and two kinds of dicotyledon seeds (mooli, chili) were used as the materials, the authors analyzed the effects of 7 kinds of allelochemicals of Picea schrenkiana on seed germination by using Petri dish and filter paper method. The results showed that: the 7 kinds of allelochemicals significantly inhibited the germination rate of seeds of Sorghum sudanese, chili and Picea schrenkiana and the inhibition was enhanced with the increase of the concentration of allelochemicals, however, they had a little influence on the seeds of wheat and mooli, which originally had high germination rate. The autotoxicity of the 7 kinds of allelochemicals was stronger than their allelopathic effect. The general trend of intensity of allelopathic effect from 3 kinds of allelochemicals on monocotyledon and dicotyledon was: coumarins>ketones>phenolic acids; there was a great difference in the inhibitory intensity of different phenolic acids on seed germination. The allelochemicals of Picea schrenkiana have different intensities of allelopathic effect on seeds of 5 kinds of plants and the intensity of allelopathic effect is closely related to the species and concentration of allelochemicals.

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