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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (27): 79-83.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18040030

所属专题： 玉米

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

玉米秸秆栽培赤松茸的栽培基料研究

李慧星1, 许彬1, 王振泉2, 郭书贤1   

  1. 1.南阳理工学院 生物与化学工程学院;2.南阳市福元生态菌业有限公司
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-06 修回日期:2018-12-21 接受日期:2019-01-10 出版日期:2019-09-24 发布日期:2019-09-24
  • 通讯作者: 郭书贤
  • 基金资助:
    河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划“组合白腐菌改性秸秆制备染料吸附剂的研究”(17A610003)。

Stropharia rugosoannulata Cultivated with Corn Straw: Study on Cultivation Medium

  • Received:2018-04-06 Revised:2018-12-21 Accepted:2019-01-10 Online:2019-09-24 Published:2019-09-24

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摘要： 研究以玉米秸秆为主料的赤松茸栽培基料的制备条件。首先采用单因素实验考察玉米秸秆新鲜程度、破碎程度、栽培基料处理方式以及栽培基料含水量对赤松茸生长的影响。然后采用均匀设计优化栽培基料中主料（玉米秸秆）与辅料（稻壳、木屑、麸皮）的比例。结果表明：新鲜秸秆和干燥秸秆对赤松茸生长影响差异不显著；切断碾压秸秆比粉碎秸秆的生物转化率高，但两者在营养生长时间上差异不显著；堆积发酵和不发酵对赤松茸生长影响差异不显著；基料含水量为65%和70%时，对赤松茸生长影响差异不显著。回归分析得生物转化率方程：Y=(0.2283+1.6970A+2.0280C-1.1132A2-10.7559C2)×100%，稻壳比例(A)和木屑比例(C)对生物转化率有显著影响，麸皮比例(B)影响不显著。当使用新鲜或干燥的秸秆并做切断处理，主料与辅料按玉米秸秆:稻壳:木屑:麸皮=1:0.762:0.094:0.05配比，调节基料含水量至65%~70%，配料后堆积发酵3天，该条件下生物转化率平均为97.5%，出菇时间平均为48天。该玉米秸秆栽培料配方简单，适用于赤松茸的栽培。

关键词: 野生草本花卉, 野生草本花卉, 种子萌发, 促进发芽

Abstract: Preparation of cultivation medium with corn straw for planting of Stropharia rugosoannulata is investigated. Single factor experimental design was employed to study the effects of corn straw freshness, degree of crushing, treatment method of cultivation material and moisture content of cultivation medium on the growth of Stropharia rugosoannulata. Then uniform experimental design was employed to optimize the ratio of main ingredient (corn straw) to supplementary ingredient (rice husk, wood chip and bran). The results showed that there was no significant difference between fresh corn straw and dry corn straw on the growth of Stropharia rugosoannulata. The bioconversion ratio of cut-off corn straw was higher than that of crushed corn straw, the vegetative growth time of cut-off corn straw was no significant difference in that of crushed corn straw. There was no significant difference between stacking fermentation and no fermentation on the growth of Stropharia rugosoannulata. The moisture content of cultivation material has no significant influence on the growth of Stropharia rugosoannulata when it was between 65% and 70%. The bioconversion equation of Y=(0.2283+1.6970A+2.0280C-1.1132A2-10.7559C2)×100% was obtained by regression analysis. Rice husk ratio(A) and wood chips ratio (C) had significant influence on the equation, but the bran ratio (B) had no significant influence on the equationn. When the fresh or dry corn straw was cut-off, the ratio of corn straw to rice husk, wood chips, bran was 1:0.762:0.094:0.05, the moisture content was 65%-70%, fermentation time was 3 days, the bioconversion ratio was 97.5% and the fruiting time was average 48 days. This cultivation medium with corn straw is simple and suitable for growth of Stropharia rugosoannulata.