欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (22): 120-125.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0589

• 食品·营养·检测·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

武都‘大红袍’花椒品质研究

霍归国1,2(), 梁婷玉1,2, 史金涵1,2, 田文静1,2, 黄群惠1,2, 马群1, 陈学林1(), 张继1,2,3()   

  1. 1西北师范大学生命科学学院,兰州 730070
    2甘肃省特色植物有效成分制品工程技术研究中心,兰州 730070
    3西北师范大学新农村发展研究院,兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-23 修回日期:2021-04-20 出版日期:2021-08-05 发布日期:2021-08-26
  • 通讯作者: 陈学林,张继
  • 作者简介:霍归国,男,1997年出生,甘肃天水人,硕士研究生,主要从事植物资源化学方面研究。通信地址:730070 甘肃省兰州市西北师范大学新校区,E-mail: 1617865915@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省特色优势农产品评价项目(TYNP20-06);甘肃省民生科技计划项目(20CX2NK001);2019引导科技创新发展专项资金(2019ZX-05)

Study on the Quality of Zanthoxylum bungeanum ‘Dahongpao’ from Wudu

Huo Guiguo1,2(), Liang Tingyu1,2, Shi Jinhan1,2, Tian Wenjing1,2, Huang Qunhui1,2, Ma Qun1, Chen Xuelin1(), Zhang Ji1,2,3()   

  1. 1College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070
    2Engineering Technology Research Center of Gansu Characteristic Plant Active Ingredient Products, Lanzhou 730070
    3Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070
  • Received:2020-10-23 Revised:2021-04-20 Online:2021-08-05 Published:2021-08-26
  • Contact: Chen Xuelin,Zhang Ji

RichHTML

5

PDF (PC)

37

摘要：

为探究甘肃武都‘大红袍’花椒的品质优势,通过调查和研究,对武都‘大红袍’花椒的感官特征进行评价;通过对杂质、灰分和金属元素含量的测定,分析其理化特征;通过对挥发油得率、成分以及特征成分的测定与比较,探究挥发油特征;结合产地地理气候条件,对‘大红袍’花椒的适生条件进行讨论。武都‘大红袍’花椒感官特征为色红油重、粒大饱满、麻味醇正、香气浓郁。花椒中的杂质、水分和灰分分别为(0.48±0.06)、(4.87±0.09)和(4.56±0.24) g/100 g,含量较低。金属元素锌、铁、铜含量分别为(20.30±7.58)、(18.34±12.64)和(7.25±3.87) mg/kg;有害金属铅和镉的含量分别为(0.18±0.03)和(0.004±0.006) mg/kg,均低于国家标准。武都‘大红袍’花椒富含挥发油,得率为6.09 g/100 g,共有16种主要化学成分,占挥发油总含量的93.67%,包括烯萜类(69.99%)、醇类(17.92%)和酯类(5.76%),其中D-柠檬烯(25.69%)、芳樟醇(17.41%)和α-月桂烯(10.45%)等为主要特征成分。武都‘大红袍’花椒挥发油得率及其芳樟醇、α-月桂烯和罗勒烯等特征成分含量高于甘肃秦安、四川汉源和陕西韩城等邻近产地。武都地区气候温暖,光照充足,海拔适中,适宜‘大红袍’花椒的栽培生长,所产花椒优质独特。

关键词: ‘大红袍’花椒, 武都, 杂质, 金属元素, 挥发油, 特征成分, 气候

Abstract:

To explore the quality advantages of Zanthoxylum bungeanum ‘Dahongpao’ in Wudu Gansu, the sensory characteristics of it were evaluated. The physical and chemical characteristics were analyzed by the determination of impurities, ash and metal elements. Through the determination and comparison of yield, composition and characteristic components of the volatile oil, the characteristics of the volatile oil were explored. The suitable growth conditions of Z. bungeanum ‘Dahongpao’ were discussed according to the geographical and climatic conditions of the producing area. The sensory characteristics of Z. bungeanum ‘Dahongpao’ are heavy in color and oil, full grain, pure numb flavor and rich aroma. The impurity, moisture and ash in Z. bungeanum ‘Dahongpao’ are (0.48±0.06), (4.87±0.09) and (4.56±0.24) g/100 g, respectively, and the contents are relatively low. The contents of zinc, iron and copper are (20.30±7.58), (18.34±12.64) and (7.25±3.87) mg/kg, respectively. The contents of harmful metals lead and cadmium are (0.18±0.03) mg/kg and (0.004±0.006) mg/kg, respectively, which are lower than the national standard. Z. bungeanum ‘Dahongpao’ is rich in volatile oil, with a yield of 6.09 g/100 g. There are 16 major chemical components, accounting for 93.67% of the total volatile oil content, including terpenes (69.99%), alcohols (17.92%) and esters (5.76%), among which D-limonene (25.69%), linalool (17.41%) and α-myrcene (10.45%) are the main characteristic components. The yield of volatile oil and the contents of linalool, α-myrcene and ocimene from Z. bungeanum ‘Dahongpao’ in Wudu are higher than those from neighboring producing areas such as Qin’an Gansu, Hanyuan Sichuan and Hancheng Shaanxi. Wudu has warm climate, adequate sunlight and moderate altitude, which are suitable for Z. bungeanum ‘Dahongpao’ cultivation and growth, the Z. bungeanum produced in Wudu is of high quality and unique flavor.

Key words: Zanthoxylum bungeanum ‘Dahongpao’, Wudu, impurities, metal elements, volatile oil, characteristic components, climate

中图分类号: