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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (23): 61-68.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0853

所属专题： 资源与环境

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于GIS的鲁东南典型丘陵平原区农田土壤养分空间变异特征及影响因素研究

段友春()   

  1. 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第七地质大队,山东临沂 276006
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-30 修回日期:2021-03-08 出版日期:2021-08-15 发布日期:2021-08-26
  • 作者简介:段友春,男,1985年出生,山东临沂人,工程师,硕士,研究方向:土壤资源调查、矿产勘查。通信地址:276006 山东省临沂市蒙山大道97号 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第七地质大队,E-mail: duanyouchun@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省地质勘查专项“山东省东部地区农业生态地球化学调查”(鲁国土资字[2006]709号);日照市地质勘查项目“日照市土地质量调查(1:5万地球化学调查与评价试点)”(SDGP371101201802000108)

Spatial Variability Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Nutrients in Farmland in Typical Hilly and Plain Area of Southeast Shandong

Duan Youchun()   

  1. The Seventh Geological Brigade of Shandong Geological and Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau, Linyin Shandong 276006
  • Received:2020-12-30 Revised:2021-03-08 Online:2021-08-15 Published:2021-08-26

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摘要：

以鲁东南丘陵平原区的某镇为例,利用采集的200个农田表层土壤样点数据,运用地统计学方法研究了土壤中有机质(SOM)、全氮(TN)、碱解氮(AN)、速效磷(AP)和速效钾(AK)含量的空间变异特征及其影响因素。结果表明:SOM、TN、AN、AP和AK的平均含量分别为13.52 g/kg、0.75 g/kg、87.27 mg/kg、50.55 mg/kg和103.20 mg/kg,土壤养分含量总体属于稍缺水平,变异系数依次按大小排序为AP>AN>AK>TN>SOM,全部为中等变异程度。地统计分析表明,5种土壤养分的变异函数符合指数模型,通过普通克里格法对土壤养分进行空间插值来绘制了养分含量等级空间分布图,总体来说研究区土壤的有机质和全氮含量水平都较低,其他有效组分在含量等级及分布范围相对于有机质和全氮的状况要稍好。地形地貌、土壤类型和土地利用方式等因素对研究区土壤养分的空间变异程度有显著影响,其中地形地貌、土壤类型等结构性因素的影响程度较强。

关键词: 鲁东南丘陵平原区, 农田土壤, 土壤养分, GS+, 半变异函数, 克里金插值, 结构性变异

Abstract:

In this research, a town was chosen as a case in the hilly and plain area of southeast Shandong Province. The spatial variable characteristics of organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), alkali-hydro-nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK) in soil and their influencing factors were studied by geostatistics method based on the data collected from 200 farmland surface soil samples. The results show that the average content of SOM, TN, AN, AP and AK are 13.52 g/kg, 0.75 g/kg, 87.27 mg/kg, 50.55 mg/kg and 103.20 mg/kg, respectively. The soil nutrient content as a whole is slightly deficient. The variable coefficient of the 5 kinds of soil nutrients is ranked as AP>AN>AK>TN>SOM in order of size, all with moderate degree of variation. Statistical analysis shows that the variation function of the 5 kinds of soil nutrients accords with exponential model. The spatial distribution of soil nutrient content grade was mapped through the ordinary Kriging spatial interpolation method. Overall, the level of soil organic matter and total nitrogen content in the study area are low. In terms of the content level and distribution range, other effective components are slightly better. Topographic and geomorphic factors, soil types, land use patterns and other factors have a significant influence on the spatial variation degree of soil nutrients in the study area, among which, structural factors such as topographic and geomorphic factors and soil types have a strong influence.

Key words: plain area of southeast Shandong Province, farm field soi, soil nutrient, GS+, semivariogram, Kriging interpolation, structural variation

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