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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (32): 96-101.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0671

所属专题: 水稻

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同磷肥用量对水稻产量效益、磷肥利用率及土壤养分的影响

张锦滨1(), 王晓云1, 孟圆2, 孙玉香2, 马洪波3()   

  1. 1兴化市现代农业发展服务中心,江苏兴化 225700
    2南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京 210014
    3江苏省农业科学院,南京 210014
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-05 修回日期:2021-09-08 出版日期:2021-11-15 发布日期:2022-01-07
  • 通讯作者: 马洪波
  • 作者简介:张锦滨,男,1970年出生,江苏兴化人,农艺师,大专,主要从事土壤肥料方面的研究。通信地址:225700 江苏省兴化市红星中路28号,E-mail: 3147850949@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省重点研发计划项目“高标准农田基础地力提升与肥水高效利用关键技术集成与示范”(BE2019378);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助国家甘薯产业技术体系资助(CARS-10-B9)

Effects of Different Amounts of Phosphate Fertilizer on Rice Yield, Fertilizer Utilization and Soil Nutrients

Zhang Jinbin1(), Wang Xiaoyun1, Meng Yuan2, Sun Yuxiang2, Ma Hongbo3()   

  1. 1Xinghua Modern Agricultural Development Service Center, Xinghua Jiangsu 225700
    2Academy of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210014
    3Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014
  • Received:2021-07-05 Revised:2021-09-08 Online:2021-11-15 Published:2022-01-07
  • Contact: Ma Hongbo

摘要:

为解决水稻生产中磷肥适宜用量及提高水稻产量效益问题,以江苏水稻‘9108’为试验材料,采用不同磷肥用量方法对水稻产量、经济效益、磷肥利用率及土壤养分含量进行研究。结果表明:施磷 37.5 kg/hm2水稻产量最高,达到了11781.15 kg/hm2。磷肥用量在37.5 kg/hm2的基础上增施磷肥水稻磷肥利用率、磷肥生理利用率、磷肥农学利用率和磷肥偏生产力呈现下降趋势,施磷37.5 kg/hm2磷肥效率均最高。增施磷肥降低了土壤pH、有机质和碱解氮含量,增加了土壤有效磷、速效钾含量。水稻经济效益随施磷量的增加而增加,施磷量超过37.5 kg/hm2经济效益下降。综合上述结论拟推荐兴化水稻生产中磷肥适用量为37.5 kg/hm2

关键词: 水稻, 磷肥, 产量, 效益, 磷肥利用率, 土壤养分

Abstract:

To optimize the phosphorus (P) fertilizer application practices and improve the yield and economic benefits of rice production, we selected rice ‘9108’ as an experimental variety, and evaluated the rice yield, economic benefit, utilization rate of P fertilizer and soil nutrient contents under different P application rates. The results showed that the highest yield (11781.15 kg/hm 2) was achieved under the P application rate of 37.5 kg/hm2. The parameters of the use efficiency, the physiological use efficiency, the agronomic use efficiency and the partial productivity of P fertilizer decreased with the increasing of P fertilizer application rate. The highest P use efficiency was also achieved under the rate of 37.5 kg/hm2. Increasing the P application rate could decrease soil pH and the content of soil organic matter and soil alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, but increase the content of soil available P and soil available potassium. Increasing the P application rate had a positive effect on the economic benefit of rice, but the economic benefit tended to decline when the application rate exceeded 37.5 kg/hm2. In short, 37.5 kg/hm2 could be recommended as the optimal P application rate for rice production in Xinghua.

Key words: rice, phosphate fertilizer, yield, economic benefits, fertilizer utilization rate, soil nutrients

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