蒙东地区三种药用植物根际微生物群落特性研究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0868

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (33): 58-67.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0868

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇下一篇

蒙东地区三种药用植物根际微生物群落特性研究

寇佩雯¹(), 刘长乐¹, 许祎珂¹, 宋忠兴¹, 李铂¹, 张永生², 黄文静¹(), 唐志书¹^,³()

¹ 陕西中医药大学/陕西中药资源产业化省部共建协同创新中心/秦药特色资源研究开发国家重点实验室（培育），陕西咸阳 712083
² 内蒙古海天制药有限公司，内蒙通辽 028000
³ 中国中医科学院，北京 100700

收稿日期:2022-11-23 修回日期:2023-01-15 出版日期:2023-11-25 发布日期:2023-11-22
通讯作者: 黄文静，男，1984年出生，陕西西安人，讲师，博士，主要从事药用植物栽培。通信地址：712083 陕西省咸阳市渭阳中路1号陕西中医药大学北校区，Tel：029-38182201，E-mail：alone77@qq.com。唐志书，男，1972年出生，陕西汉中人，教授，博士，主要从事中药资源开发与综合利用。通信地址：712083 陕西省咸阳市渭阳中路1号陕西中医药大学北校区，Tel：010-64089180，E-mail：tzs6565@163.com。
作者简介:
寇佩雯，女，1996年出生，陕西商洛人，硕士研究生，研究方向：药用植物资源开发与利用。通信地址：712083 陕西省咸阳市渭阳中路1号陕西中医药大学北校区，Tel：18991565101，E-mail：k61peiwen@qq.com。
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区2019年度重大科技专项“高品质蒙药材中药材规模化种植技术体系研究与示范”(2019ZD005); 陕西中医药管理局资助项目“纳米Ag—WO2螯合壳聚糖复合型药用植物种衣剂的制备与应用研究”(2021-PY-007); 陕西中医药大学“思邈人才专项-思邈新星”项目(141306200115)

Characteristics of Rhizosphere Microbial Community of Three Medicinal Plants in Eastern Inner Mongolia

KOU Peiwen¹(), LIU Changle¹, XU Yike¹, SONG Zhongxing¹, LI Bo¹, ZHANG Yongsheng², HUANG Wenjing¹(), TANG Zhishu¹^,³()

¹ Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine/ Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization/ State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Xianyang, Shaanxi 712083
² Inner Mongolia Pharmaceutical Limited Company, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000
³ China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700

Received:2022-11-23 Revised:2023-01-15 Published-:2023-11-25 Online:2023-11-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过分析蒙东地区3种药用植物根际微生物的群落特征，旨在研究植物根系-土-微生物三者间的驱动关系。以生长年限和长势相近的甘草、北沙参和防风为材料，利用高通量测序分析植物间根际土壤与非根际土壤的差异和关系。研究发现，根际土壤和非根际土壤理化性质差异主要在全磷和过氧化氢酶两个因素。蒙东地区3种药用植物的优势细菌菌门是变形菌门和放线菌门，占比分别在27.85%~52.69%和18.39%~44.59%之间。优势真菌科是赤壳科和微囊科，占比分别在3.70%~14.94%和4.66%~30.32%之间。豆科甘草与伞形科的防风和北沙参菌群结构分布差异较大。植物根际土壤中全氮、全磷、脲酶、和蔗糖酶的差异导致了菌群群落结构差异。种植于蒙东地区的3种药用植物根际微生物群落特征鲜明。细菌群落结构的主要驱动因素是土壤环境因子与植物的交互作用，而环境因子和植物类型均对真菌菌群有驱动作用。

关键词: 根际微生物群落, 植物种类, 土壤因子, 药用植物

Abstract:

Through analyzing the community characteristics of rhizosphere microorganisms in three medicinal plants from the Eastern Inner Mongolia region, this study aims at investigating the interactive relationship among plant roots, rhizosphere soil, and microorganisms. Using Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Saposhnikovia divaricata, and Glehniae Radix with similar growth years and conditions as the materials, high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to analyze the differences and relationships between rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil among the plants. The study revealed that the main differences in physicochemical properties between rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil were observed in total phosphorus and catalase activity. In the Eastern Inner Mongolia region, the dominant bacterial phyla in the three medicinal plants were Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, with relative proportions ranging from 27.85% to 52.69% and 18.39% to 44.59%, respectively. The dominant fungal families in the three medicinal plants from the Eastern Inner Mongolia region were mainly Nectriaceae and Microascaceae, with relative proportions ranging from 3.70% to 14.94% and 4.66% to 30.32%, respectively. Significant differences in the microbial community structure were observed between Glycyrrhiza uralensis of the Leguminosae family and Glehniae Radix and Saposhnikovia divaricata of the Umbelliferae family. Differences in total nitrogen, total phosphorus, urease, and sucrase in the rhizosphere soil contributed to the variation in microbial community structure. The distinct characteristics of rhizosphere microbiota were observed in the three medicinal plants cultivated in the eastern region of Inner Mongolia. The main driving factors for bacterial community structure were the interaction between soil environmental factors and plants, while both environmental factors and plant types had driving effects on the fungal community.

Key words: rhizosphere microbial community, plant species, soil factors, medicinal plants

寇佩雯, 刘长乐, 许祎珂, 宋忠兴, 李铂, 张永生, 黄文静, 唐志书. 蒙东地区三种药用植物根际微生物群落特性研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(33): 58-67.

KOU Peiwen, LIU Changle, XU Yike, SONG Zhongxing, LI Bo, ZHANG Yongsheng, HUANG Wenjing, TANG Zhishu. Characteristics of Rhizosphere Microbial Community of Three Medicinal Plants in Eastern Inner Mongolia[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(33): 58-67.

图/表 7

参考文献 38

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Class	Plant species	Shannon	Simpson	Chao1	ACE	Coverage	OUT
细菌	CK	10.6792±0.13a	0.0041±0.00a	433 7.73±65.22ab	4448.2166±64.95ab	0.9758	2875.3333
	FF	10.7714±0.13a	0.0034±0.00b	4548.6667±186.24a	4637.7134±189.63a	0.9757	3114.6667
	GC	10.4621±0.09b	0.0027±0.00c	3788.2699±207.27c	3869.4066±208.14c	0.9784	2372.0000
	SS	10.5932±0.03ab	0.0041±0.00a	4193.1032±111.82b	4270.7799±116.25b	0.9780	2760.0000
真菌	CK	5.5632±0.30b	0.0208±0.00a	408.9337±20.39b	422.6453±19.54b	0.9758	95.3333
	FF	6.1142±0.41ab	0.0121±0.01ab	440.9107±27.51ab	457.5977±29.87b	0.9757	102.0000
	GC	5.9217±0.79ab	0.0154±0.01ab	440.891±56.74ab	453.5787±57.08b	0.9784	110.3333
	SS	6.7115±0.16a	0.0039±0.00b	502.012±32.36a	548.7697±30.83a	0.9780	111.0000

Class	Plant species	Shannon	Simpson	Chao1	ACE	Coverage	OUT
细菌	CK	10.6792±0.13a	0.0041±0.00a	433 7.73±65.22ab	4448.2166±64.95ab	0.9758	2875.3333
	FF	10.7714±0.13a	0.0034±0.00b	4548.6667±186.24a	4637.7134±189.63a	0.9757	3114.6667
	GC	10.4621±0.09b	0.0027±0.00c	3788.2699±207.27c	3869.4066±208.14c	0.9784	2372.0000
	SS	10.5932±0.03ab	0.0041±0.00a	4193.1032±111.82b	4270.7799±116.25b	0.9780	2760.0000
真菌	CK	5.5632±0.30b	0.0208±0.00a	408.9337±20.39b	422.6453±19.54b	0.9758	95.3333
	FF	6.1142±0.41ab	0.0121±0.01ab	440.9107±27.51ab	457.5977±29.87b	0.9757	102.0000
	GC	5.9217±0.79ab	0.0154±0.01ab	440.891±56.74ab	453.5787±57.08b	0.9784	110.3333
	SS	6.7115±0.16a	0.0039±0.00b	502.012±32.36a	548.7697±30.83a	0.9780	111.0000

微生物	项目	多样性指数		丰富度
微生物	项目	Shannon指数	Simpson指数	ACE指数	Chao1指数
细菌	pH	0.502	0.336	0.463	0.526
	TN	-0.392	-0.696^*	-0.441	-0.413
	TP	0.295	0.557	0.426	0.327
	TK	0.399	0.130	0.483	0.371
	URE	-0.559	-0.673^*	-0.608^*	-0.545
	SUC	-0.524	-0.774^**	-0.559	-0.524
	CAT	-0.259	-0.266	-0.245	-0.189
	AP	-0.636^*	-0.574	-0.706^*	-0.671^*
真菌	pH	0.312	-0.273	0.319	0.312
	TN	0.000	-0.056	-0.060	0.004
	TP	-0.391	0.437	-0.487	-0.391
	TK	-0.692^**	0.712^**	-0.790^**	-0.692^*
	URE	0.140	-0.179	0.070	0.140
	SUC	0.084	-0.137	0.105	0.084
	CAT	0.692^*	-0.730^**	0.643^*	0.692^*
	AP	0.260	0.260	0.300	0.260

微生物	项目	多样性指数		丰富度
微生物	项目	Shannon指数	Simpson指数	ACE指数	Chao1指数
细菌	pH	0.502	0.336	0.463	0.526
	TN	-0.392	-0.696^*	-0.441	-0.413
	TP	0.295	0.557	0.426	0.327
	TK	0.399	0.130	0.483	0.371
	URE	-0.559	-0.673^*	-0.608^*	-0.545
	SUC	-0.524	-0.774^**	-0.559	-0.524
	CAT	-0.259	-0.266	-0.245	-0.189
	AP	-0.636^*	-0.574	-0.706^*	-0.671^*
真菌	pH	0.312	-0.273	0.319	0.312
	TN	0.000	-0.056	-0.060	0.004
	TP	-0.391	0.437	-0.487	-0.391
	TK	-0.692^**	0.712^**	-0.790^**	-0.692^*
	URE	0.140	-0.179	0.070	0.140
	SUC	0.084	-0.137	0.105	0.084
	CAT	0.692^*	-0.730^**	0.643^*	0.692^*
	AP	0.260	0.260	0.300	0.260

蒙东地区三种药用植物根际微生物群落特性研究

Characteristics of Rhizosphere Microbial Community of Three Medicinal Plants in Eastern Inner Mongolia

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