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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 15-21.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0012

所属专题： 马铃薯

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

铁、锌肥对马铃薯产量、品质及土壤养分的影响

袁辉(), 惠领领, 谢军红(), 周永杰, 谢丽华   

  1. 甘肃农业大学干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室/农学院，兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-28 修回日期:2023-03-16 出版日期:2024-04-25 发布日期:2024-04-22
  • 通讯作者:
    谢军红，男，1981年出生，甘肃天水人，研究员，博士，研究方向：旱地农业研究。通信地址：730070 甘肃省兰州市安宁区营门村1号 甘肃农业大学，Tel：0931-7631145，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    袁辉，男，1995年出生，甘肃白银人，在读硕士，研究方向：旱地与绿洲农作制。通信地址：730070 甘肃省兰州市安宁区营门村1号 甘肃农业大学，Tel：0931-7631145，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省高校科研创新平台重大培育项目(2024CXPT-01); 国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900700); 2023年种业攻关和农业科技支撑项目(KJZC-2023-21); 甘肃农业大学SIETP项目

Effects on Yield and Quality of Potato and Soil Nutrients: Iron and Zinc Fertilizers

YUAN Hui(), HUI Lingling, XIE Junhong(), ZHOU Yongjie, XIE Lihua   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science/Agronomy College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
  • Received:2023-01-28 Revised:2023-03-16 Published:2024-04-25 Online:2024-04-22

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摘要：

为探索陇中旱农区马铃薯优质高产的微肥配施量，开展铁、锌肥对马铃薯产量、品质和土壤养分营养影响的研究。采用双因素随机区组设计，以锌、铁肥为参试因子，其中锌、铁肥各设3个施肥水平，分别为：锌肥(0、20、40 kg/hm2)、铁肥(0、10、20 kg/hm2)，共计9个处理。结果表明，铁、锌肥单施及其二者的交互作用对马铃薯产量、品质及土壤有效锌和铁含量有显著影响(P<0.05)。其中，Fe2Zn0、Fe0Zn2产量较Fe0Zn0提高15.0%、19.5%，Fe2Zn2较Fe0Zn0产量提高21.5%；Fe2Zn0较Fe0Zn0铁含量提高12.4%，Fe0Zn2较Fe0Zn0锌和铁含量提高10.8%和9.8%；Fe2Zn2的产量、淀粉、铁和锌含量分别较Fe0Zn0显著提高21.5%、3.4%、17.3%和13.6%。在0~10和10~30 cm土层，Fe2Zn0有效铁含量较Fe0Zn0分别显著提高15.0%和4.0%，Fe2Zn2有效锌含量较Fe0Zn0显著提高104.2%和42.9%。综合考虑，在本试验条件下，铁、锌微肥单施用量分别为20 kg/hm2和40 kg/hm2，配施用量为铁肥20 kg/hm2配施锌肥40 kg/hm2效果最佳，且有利于马铃薯的提质增产。

关键词: 马铃薯, 铁、锌肥, 产量, 品质, 土壤养分

Abstract:

In order to explore the combined application amount of micro-fertilizer for high-quality and high-yield potato in the arid agricultural area of Longzhong, the effects of iron and zinc fertilizer on potato yield, quality and soil nutrient were studied. The two-factor random block design was adopted, with zinc and iron fertilizer as the test factors, and three fertilization levels were set for zinc and iron fertilizer, namely: zinc fertilizer (0, 20, 40 kg/hm2) and iron fertilizer (0, 10, 20 kg/hm2), a total of 9 treatments. The results showed that single application of iron and zinc fertilizer and their interaction had significant effects on potato yield, quality and soil available zinc and iron content (P<0.05). Among them, the yields of Fe2Zn0 and Fe0Zn2 increased by 15.0% and 19.5% compared with Fe0Zn0, and the yield of Fe2Zn2 increased by 21.5% compared with Fe0Zn0. Fe2Zn0 increased the iron content by 12.4% compared with Fe0Zn0, and the zinc and iron content of Fe0Zn2 increased by 10.8% and 9.8% compared with Fe0Zn0. The yield, starch, iron and zinc content of Fe2Zn2 were significantly increased by 21.5%, 3.4%, 17.3% and 13.6% compared with Fe0Zn0, respectively. In the 0-10 and 10-30 cm soil layers, the available iron content of Fe2Zn0 was significantly increased by 15.0% and 4.0% compared with Fe0Zn0, the available zinc content of Fe2Zn2 was significantly increased by 104.2% and 42.9% compared with Fe0Zn0. Considering comprehensively, under the conditions of this experiment, the single application rates of iron and zinc micro-fertilizer were 20 kg/hm2 and 40 kg/hm2, respectively, and the combined application rate of iron fertilizer was 20 kg/hm2 and zinc fertilizer 40 kg/hm2 had the best effect, which was conducive to improving potato quality and increasing yield.

Key words: potato, iron and zinc fertilizer, yield, quality, soil nutrient