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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 109-119.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0066

所属专题: 园艺 农业气象

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

移栽期对辣椒产量、光合特性及气象因子的响应

陈芳(), 刘宇鹏, 曾晓珊, 于飞, 胡家敏()   

  1. 贵州省山地环境气候研究所/贵州省山地气候与资源重点实验室,贵阳 550002
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-29 修回日期:2023-11-19 出版日期:2024-04-05 发布日期:2024-04-01
  • 通讯作者:
    胡家敏,女,1971年出生,安徽合肥人,正研级高工,硕士,主要从事生态与农业气象研究。通信地址:550002 贵州省贵阳市南明区新华路翠微巷9号,Tel:0851-85202215,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    陈芳,女,1990年出生,贵州铜仁人,工程师,硕士,主要从事生态农业气象研究。通信地址:550002 贵州省贵阳市南明区新华路翠微巷9号,Tel:0851-85202215,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科技厅项目“贵州铁皮石斛气候适宜性区划研究”(黔科合基础-ZK[2022]一般272); 贵州省气象局项目“辣椒分期播种试验研究”(黔气科登[2020]03-12号); 贵州省重点科技计划项目“贵州辣椒品质特征分析与评价体系构建”(黔科合支撑[2022]重点016号); 中国气象局创新发展项目“贵州辣椒气象灾害监测评估与预报技术及业务化应用”(CXFZ2021J072); 基于风险区划的春茶霜冻害气象指数保险费率厘定研究(黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般230)

Response of Transplanting Date to Pepper’s Yield, Photosynthetic Characteristics and Meteorological Factors

CHEN Fang(), LIU Yupeng, ZENG Xiaoshan, YU Fei, HU Jiamin()   

  1. Mountain Environment and Climate Research Institute of Guizhou Province/Guizhou Key Laboratory of Mountainous Climate and Resources, Guiyang 550002
  • Received:2023-01-29 Revised:2023-11-19 Published:2024-04-05 Online:2024-04-01

摘要:

为探索不同移栽期对贵州辣椒产量、品质及光合特性的影响,以贵州主栽品种‘辣研一号’、‘遵义朝天椒’、‘线椒269’为试材,设置7个移栽期,比较不同移栽期辣椒产量结构差异,并分析温度和降水与辣椒生育期进程、光合特性指标、产量构成和品质指标等的关系。在贵州地区,辣椒生长阶段平均气温对产量影响最大,各生育阶段持续天数与气象因子有关。适时早播能延长辣椒的生育天数,增加辣椒开花后的日较差,提升净光合速率,温度和降水主要通过影响辣椒植株的株高、茎粗、维生素C、辣椒素、二氢辣椒素等指标影响产量和品质。辣椒产量随着移栽期推迟表现出先增加后逐渐减少的趋势,适时的早播有利于辣椒增产。

关键词: 辣椒, 气象因子, 光合特性, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

The paper aims to explore the effects of different transplanting dates on pepper's yield, quality and photosynthetic characteristics in Guizhou. Seven transplanting dates were set with the main pepper cultivars ‘Layan No.1’, ‘Zunyi Chaotianjiao’ and ‘Xianjiao 269’ as test materials, the characteristics of the yield structure under different transplanting date were compared. And the relationship between meteorological factors including temperature and precipitation and the growing stage, photosynthetic characteristics, yield structure, quality were also analyzed. The results showed that the average temperature in the growth stage of pepper had the greatest influence on the yield, and the duration of each growth stage was related to meteorological factors. Earlier sowing could prolong the growth stage, increase the diurnal temperature range after pepper flowering stage, and speed up the net photosynthetic rate. The temperature and precipitation mainly affected the plant height, stem diameter, vitamin C, capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin and other indicators. With the delay of transplanting, the yield of pepper increased first and then decreased gradually, timely and early sowing is beneficial to the increase of pepper yield.

Key words: pepper, meteorological factor, photosynthetic characteristic, yield, quality