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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11): 1-8.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0428

所属专题： 小麦

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

节水灌溉条件下小麦新品系‘石17T5252’丰产性和品质分析

高新梅(), 史占良, 赵彦坤, 李占坤, 单子龙, 曹巧, 韩然, 何明琦, 傅晓艺, 马亮, 高振贤()   

  1. 石家庄市农林科学研究院小麦研究中心，石家庄 050800
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-06 修回日期:2023-09-04 出版日期:2024-04-15 发布日期:2024-04-11
  • 通讯作者:
    高振贤，女，1976年出生，河北石家庄人，副研究员，博士，主要从事小麦遗传育种与栽培方面的研究。通信地址：050800 河北省石家庄市正定新区商务中心东门C区 石家庄市农林科学研究院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    高新梅，女，1990年出生，河北衡水人，助理研究员，硕士，研究方向：小麦育种与栽培。通信地址：050800 河北省石家庄市正定新区商务中心东门C区 石家庄市农林科学研究院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    农业农村部节水小麦育种重点实验室(部省共建); 华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室; 河北省现代农业产业技术体系(HBCT2023010206); 河北现代种业科技创新团队(21326318D)

Analysis of High Yield and Quality of a New Wheat Line ‘Shi 17T5252’ Under Water-saving Irrigation

GAO Xinmei(), SHI Zhanliang, ZHAO Yankun, LI Zhankun, SHAN Zilong, CAO Qiao, HAN Ran, HE Mingqi, FU Xiaoyi, MA Liang, GAO Zhenxian()   

  1. Wheat Research Center, Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050800
  • Received:2023-06-06 Revised:2023-09-04 Published:2024-04-15 Online:2024-04-11

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摘要：

为了推荐节水小麦新品种用于缓解河北省农业用水压力，探究节水小麦新品系‘石17T5252’的节水丰产特性。本实验检测了新选育小麦品系‘石17T5252’和河北省节水对照品种‘石麦22’全生育期不灌水(W0)、灌拔节水(W1)、灌拔节和灌浆水(W2)的产量、形态、灌浆和品质性状，并对拔节期、抽穗期和灌浆中期叶片的荧光参数进行检测。结果表明，W1和W2处理下‘石17T5252’产量显著高于‘石麦22’，分别增产10.32%和7.56%；其中W1通过增加千粒重增加产量，W2通过增加穗粒数和千粒重增加产量。W1和W2较W0的株高没有增加，但‘石麦22’的穗长和‘石17T5252’的穗粒数较W0显著增加，分别增加了0.72~0.84 cm和1.33~5.03粒；W2较W1显著增加‘石麦22’籽粒的长度和宽度，分别增加0.36 mm和0.32 mm，‘石17T5252’增加了0.31 mm的籽粒宽度。荧光参数检测仅在W0处理下发现‘石麦22’抽穗期的Fv/Fm显著高于‘石17T5252’。除容重外在3种灌溉制度下‘石17T5252’蛋白含量、湿面筋含量和面筋指数显著优于‘石麦22’。说明‘石17T5252’在节水灌溉条件下产量与品质得到同步提升，有望成为河北节水灌溉的小麦主栽品种。

关键词: ‘石17T5252’, 节水灌溉, 产量, 品质, 荧光参数

Abstract:

In order to recommend new water-saving wheat varieties to alleviate the pressure of agricultural water use in Hebei Province, we explored the water-saving and high-yield characteristics of a new water-saving wheat strain ‘Shi 17T5252’. We studied the yield, morphology, grain filling and quality of a new wheat line ‘Shi 17T5252’ and a water-saving control variety ‘Shimai 22’ during the entire growth period, with irrigation of no water (W0), jointing water (W1), jointing and grouting water (W2). The fluorescence parameters of leaves at jointing stage, heading stage and middle filling stage were also measured. The results showed that the yield of ‘Shi 17T5252’ was significantly higher than that of ‘Shimai 22’ under the condition of W1 and W2, with an increase of 10.32% and 7.56%, respectively, W1 increased grain yield by increasing 1000-grain weight, while W2 increased yield by increasing grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight. Compared with W0, W1 and W2 did not increase plant height, but significantly increased spike length of ‘Shimai 22’ and grain number per spike of ‘Shi 17T5252’ by 0.72-0.84 cm and 1.33-5.03 grains, respectively. Compared with W1, W2 significantly increased the grain length and width of ‘Shimai 22’ by 0.36 mm and 0.32 mm, respectively, and ‘Shi 17T5252’ increased the grain width by 0.31 mm. The Fv/Fm ratio at heading stage of ‘Shimai 22’ was significantly higher than that of ‘Shi 17T5252’ only under W0 treatment. The protein content, wet gluten content and gluten index of ‘Shi 17T5252’ were significantly higher than those of ‘Shimai 22’. The results indicate that ‘Shi 17T5252’ has achieved synchronous improvement in yield and quality under water-saving irrigation conditions, and is expected to become the main wheat variety for water-saving irrigation in Hebei.

Key words: ‘Shi 17T5252’, water-saving irrigation, yield, quality, fluorescence parameters