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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (15): 80-87.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0502

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

复合调理剂对陕北地区盐碱土调理及高羊茅生长的影响

尹美莉1(), 张凯煜1(), 亢福仁1, 张鑫1, 张生2, 张艳2, 李强1, 郑洁文1, 曹涛涛1   

  1. 1 榆林学院陕北矿区生态修复重点实验室,陕西榆林 719000
    2 陕西未来能源化工有限公司,陕西榆林 719000
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-04 修回日期:2023-11-08 出版日期:2024-05-23 发布日期:2024-05-23
  • 通讯作者:
    张凯煜,女,1990年出生,陕西榆林人,博士研究生,主要从事固废农业生态利用。通信地址:719000 陕西省榆林市榆阳区榆林学院,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    尹美莉,女,1990年出生,陕西榆林人,在读研究生,研究方向:固废农业生态利用。通信地址:719000 陕西省榆林市榆阳区榆林学院,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    陕西省教育厅重点科学研究计划项目“煤气化渣生物土壤改良剂研发与应用(21JS044); 国家自然科学基金“质粒介导下抗生素抗性基因在氮素转化功能菌中的水平转移机理研究(32360316); 陕西省科技厅科技资源开放共享平台“陕西省土壤改良剂技术集成和中试共享服务平台”(2022PT-13); 林区废弃物资源化利用技术研究与应用(2022HX03)

Effect of Compound Conditioner on Conditioning of Saline-alkali Soil and Growth of Tall Fescue in Northern Shaanxi

YIN Meili1(), ZHANG Kaiyu1(), KANG Furen1, ZHANG Xin1, ZHANG Sheng2, ZHANG Yan2, LI Qiang1, ZHENG Jiewen1, CAO Taotao1   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration of Shaanbei Mining Area, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi 719000
    2 Shaanxi Future Energy Chemical Corp, Yulin, Shaanxi 719000
  • Received:2023-07-04 Revised:2023-11-08 Published:2024-05-23 Online:2024-05-23

摘要:

为资源化利用陕北地区煤基固废,改善当地盐碱土生态环境,本试验采用粉煤灰、脱硫石膏、木醋液、生化黄腐酸和羊粪材料复配不同调理剂对陕北地区盐碱土进行综合改良,通过温室盆栽试验,分析不同调理材料复配后对土壤酸碱度、化学性质以及高羊茅生长的影响。结果表明:(1)不同调理材料复配处理后土壤pH显著下降,降低幅度为0.52~0.64个单位,土壤总碱度较对照显著下降,降低了20%~52.5%;(2)不同调理材料复配处理后土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效钾和有效磷含量分别增加了1.07~5.09、1.32~4.44、3.43~19.13、2.67~27.42倍。(3)不同调理材料复配处理后高羊茅株高增加了17.54%~38.86%,茎粗增加了10.71%~27.27%,叶长增加了12.17%~43.10%,叶宽增加了21.16%~43.11%,地上部干重增加了176.02%~280.12%,地下部干重增加了53.01%~171.08%。通过主成分分析综合评价,本试验中固废调理剂综合评价均高于对照,调理剂施用量为20%时既可以生态化利用固废,又对陕北地区盐碱土改良效果、促进高羊茅生长最显著。

关键词: 固体废弃物, 盐碱土, 复合调理剂, 化学性质, 高羊茅

Abstract:

To strengthen resource utilization of coal-based solid waste in northern Shaanxi and to improve the ecological environment of local saline and alkaline soils, this experiment used fly ash, desulfurization gypsum, wood vinegar liquid, biochemical xanthate and sheep dung materials compounded with different conditioning agents to comprehensively improve the saline and alkaline soils in northern Shaanxi. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to analyze the effects of compound of different conditioning materials on soil pH, chemical properties and growth of tall fescue. The results showed that: (1) soil pH decreased significantly after compound treatment of different conditioning materials by 0.52-0.64 units, and total soil alkalinity decreased significantly compared with the control by 20%-52.5%; (2) soil organic matter, alkaline-dissolved nitrogen, quick-acting potassium, and effective phosphorus contents increased after compound treatment of different conditioning materials by 1.07-5.09, 1.32-4.44, 3.43-19.13, 2.67-27.42 times, respectively; (3) tall fescue plant height increased by 17.54%-38.86%, stem thickness increased by 10.71%-27.27%, leaf length increased by 12.17%-43.10%, leaf width increased by 21.16%-43.11%, aboveground dry weight increased by 176.02%-280.12%, belowground dry weight increased by 53.01%-171.08%. Through the comprehensive evaluation of the principal component analysis, the comprehensive evaluation of solid waste conditioner in this experiment was higher than the control. When the conditioner application rate was 20%, it could not only ecologically utilize solid waste, but also significantly improve the saline-alkali soil in northern Shaanxi and promote the growth of tall fescue.

Key words: solid waste, saline soils, compound conditioner, chemical properties, tall fescue