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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (23): 68-74.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0200

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

草甘膦概况及微生物降解研究进展

葛志坚(), 杨峰山, 李昆, 付海燕, 刘春光()   

  1. 黑龙江大学生命科学学院/农业微生物技术教育部工程研究中心/黑龙江省寒地生态修复与资源利用重点实验室/黑龙江省普通高校微生物重点实验室,哈尔滨 150080
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-28 修回日期:2024-05-22 出版日期:2024-08-09 发布日期:2024-08-09
  • 通讯作者:
    刘春光,女,1982年出生,黑龙江哈尔滨人,高级实验师,博士,主要从事长残效除草剂的微生物降解与土壤修复方面的研究。通信地址:150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号,Tel:0451-86608586,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    葛志坚,女,2000年出生,河北保定人,硕士研究生,主要从事长残效除草剂的微生物降解与土壤修复方面的研究。通信地址:150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号,Tel:0451-86608586,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目“粘质沙雷氏菌FLB1原卟啉途径参与氯氟吡啶酯降解的分子机理”(LH2022C074)

Overview of Glyphosate and Research Progress in Microbial Degradation

GE Zhijian(), YANG Fengshan, LI Kun, FU Haiyan, LIU Chunguang()   

  1. Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education /Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region /Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province / School of Life Sciences,Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080
  • Received:2024-03-28 Revised:2024-05-22 Published:2024-08-09 Online:2024-08-09

摘要:

草甘膦作为一种广泛使用的除草剂,因其高效和低成本的特点在农业生产中得到了广泛应用。然而,这种化学物质的使用也给环境带来了一系列的问题。本研究简述了草甘膦作用机理和毒性等概况,阐明草甘膦对水环境的危害主要在影响水质、水生生物和生态系统等方面,对土壤的危害主要体现在破坏土壤微生物生态、破坏土壤微生物群落的结构和功能、影响土壤酶活性。介绍了生物降解的草甘膦污染土壤修复方式的研究进展,草甘膦污染土壤的修复主要运用微生物降解手段。相比于吸附、光解等非生物降解,微生物降解更环保更高效且更具有前景。最后对草甘膦污染土壤修复的微生物降解方式进行了展望,以期为草甘膦微生物降解技术在草甘膦污染土壤中的应用和改进提供参考。

关键词: 除草剂, 草甘膦, 污染土壤, 微生物降解, 土壤修复

Abstract:

The herbicide glyphosate is widely used in agriculture because of its high efficiency and low cost, but it also poses certain harm. This paper provided a brief introduction to glyphosate toxicity and mechanism. It was clarified that the harm of glyphosate to water environment was mainly in the aspects of affecting water quality, aquatic organisms and ecosystems. The harm to soil was mainly reflected in the destruction of soil microbial ecology, the destruction of soil microbial community structure and function, and the influence of soil enzyme activity. The research progress of bioremediation of glyphosate-contaminated soil was introduced. The bioremediation of glyphosate-contaminated soil was mainly microbial degradation methods. Compared with non-biodegradation such as adsorption and photolysis, microbial degradation was more environmentally friendly, efficient and promising. Finally, the microbial degradation methods of glyphosate contaminated soil remediation were prospected, in order to provide reference for the application and improvement of glyphosate microbial degradation technology in glyphosate contaminated soil.

Key words: herbicide, glyphosate, contaminated soil, microbial degradation, soil remediation