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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (13): 147-151.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0528

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

温度对古巴假霜霉侵染黄瓜过程的影响

李雅琦1(), 刘慧芹1, 杨利娟2, 王勇2(), 高苇2()   

  1. 1 天津农学院园艺园林学院植物保护系，天津 300381
    2 天津市农业科学院植物保护研究所，天津 300384
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-14 修回日期:2024-11-27 出版日期:2025-05-05 发布日期:2025-05-07
  • 通讯作者:
    高苇，女，1982年出生，辽宁瓦房店人，副研究员，博士，主要从事蔬菜病害防治方面的研究。E-mail：。王勇，女，1971年出生，山东栖霞人，研究员，硕士，主要从事植物病害防治方面的研究。E-mail：。
    高苇，女，1982年出生，辽宁瓦房店人，副研究员，博士，主要从事蔬菜病害防治方面的研究。E-mail：。王勇，女，1971年出生，山东栖霞人，研究员，硕士，主要从事植物病害防治方面的研究。E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    李雅琦，女，1999年出生，内蒙古巴彦淖尔人，硕士研究生，研究方向为植物病理学。通信地址：300381 天津市西青区张家窝镇津静公路22号 天津农学院东校区，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(62176261); 天津市科技重大专项与工程计划资助项目(16ZXHLNC00070)

Effect of Temperature on Infection Process of Pseudoperonospora cubensis in Cucumber

LI Yaqi1(), LIU Huiqin1, YANG Lijuan2, WANG Yong2(), GAO Wei2()   

  1. 1 College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300381
    2 Plant Protection Research Institute, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384
  • Received:2024-08-14 Revised:2024-11-27 Published:2025-05-05 Online:2025-05-07

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摘要：

探讨不同温度对黄瓜霜霉病致病菌古巴假霜霉孢子囊释放和孢子萌发的影响，并采用台盼蓝染色和扫描电镜观察明确黄瓜霜霉病菌在叶片中的侵染过程，为黄瓜霜霉病早期监测预警提供参考。研究发现，在5、10℃黄瓜霜霉病菌孢子囊释放率分别为(81.57±1.91)%、(71.06±1.65)%，显著高于其他温度条件；在15、20℃时，黄瓜霜霉病菌孢子萌发率显著高于其他温度，分别为(51.91±1.97)%、(46.01±2.02)%。黄瓜霜霉病菌接种后，0~4 h黄瓜霜霉病菌游动孢子附着于气孔上开始侵入寄主，4~6 h菌丝在叶肉细胞间隙形成吸器吸取组织营养，12~24 h菌丝发育成分生孢子梗，24 h后产生孢子囊，释放游动孢子，进行再侵染。本研究明确了黄瓜霜霉病菌孢子囊释放和孢子萌发的最适温度范围，及黄瓜霜霉病菌侵染各阶段的结构特征，可为黄瓜霜霉病早期监测预警和生态防控技术研究提供理论支撑。

关键词: 古巴假霜霉, 黄瓜霜霉病, 孢子囊, 孢子萌发, 温度, 侵染过程, 监测预警

Abstract:

The effects of different temperatures on the release of sporangia and spore germination of the pathogen of Pseudoperonospora cubensis were discussed. The infection process of P. cubensis in leaves was observed by Trypan blue staining and scanning electron microscopy, which laid a theoretical foundation for early monitoring and early warning of cucumber downy mildew. The study found that the release rates of sporangia of P. cubensis at 5, 10℃ were (81.57±1.91)% and (71.06±1.65)%, respectively, significantly higher than other temperature conditions. At 15, 20℃, the spore germination rates of P. cubensis were significantly higher than that at other temperatures, with (51.91±1.97)% and (46.01±2.02)%, respectively. After inoculation with P. cubensis, the zoospores adhered to stomata and began to invade the host within 0-4 hours. From 4-6 hours, hyphae formed haustoria in the intercellular spaces of mesophyll cells to absorb tissue nutrients. At 12-24 hours, the hyphae developed into conidiophores, and after 24 hours, sporangia were produced, releasing zoospores for reinfection. This study clarifies the optimal temperature range for the release of sporangia and spore germination of P. cubensis, as well as the structural characteristics of each stage of P. cubensis infection. It provides theoretical support for the early monitoring and warning of cucumber downy mildew and the research of ecological prevention and control technologies.

Key words: Pseudoperonospora cubensis, cucumber downy mildew, sporangium, spore germination, temperature, infection process, monitoring and early warning