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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (35): 19-25.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0188

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

稻米淀粉品质的评价和生理基础及其栽培调控管理措施

张建达1(), 孟庆好2, 王世伟1, 冯尚宗1, 张耗2()   

  1. 1 临沂市农业技术推广中心,山东临沂 276000
    2 扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州 225009
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-11 修回日期:2025-08-26 出版日期:2025-12-11 发布日期:2025-12-11
  • 通讯作者:
    张耗,男,教授,博士,主要从事作物高产生理与栽培管理研究。通信地址:225009 江苏省扬州市文汇东路48号,Tel:0514-87979317, E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    张建达,男,高级农艺师,硕士,主要从事粮食作物栽培技术研究与推广工作。E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    山东省现代农业产业技术体系水稻创新团队项目(SDAIT-17-12)

Evaluation and Physiological Basis of Rice Starch Quality and Its Cultivation Regulation and Management Measures

ZHANG Jianda1(), MENG Qinghao2, WANG Shiwei1, FENG Shangzong1, ZHANG Hao2()   

  1. 1 Linyi Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Linyi, Shandong 276000
    2 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/ Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/ Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/ Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009
  • Received:2025-03-11 Revised:2025-08-26 Published:2025-12-11 Online:2025-12-11

摘要:

随着稻米品质需求的提升,栽培管理对淀粉品质的调控作用日益突出。本研究系统综述了稻米淀粉的关键评价指标(糊化特性、结晶度、颗粒形态及直链淀粉含量),阐明了光合作用、碳氮代谢与淀粉合成的生理机制,并综合评析了施肥、灌溉、温光、种植密度及收获期等栽培措施对淀粉品质的影响。未来研究应强化多因子互作、分子—环境协同及精准栽培研究,为优质稻米生产提供理论和技术支撑。

关键词: 水稻, 淀粉, 评价指标, 栽培管理

Abstract:

In recent years, with the improvement of rice quality demand, the regulation of cultivation management on starch quality has become increasingly prominent. Here we systematically synthesize key starch metrics-pasting properties, crystallinity, granule morphology and amylose content, clarify the underlying physiology of photosynthesis, C-N metabolism and starch biosynthesis, and comprehensively evaluated the effects of fertilization, irrigation, temperature and light, planting density and harvest period on starch quality. Future work must integrate multi-factor interactions, gene-by-environment synergies and precision cultivation platforms to provide both the theoretical framework and technical support required for elite-quality rice production.

Key words: rice, starch, evaluation indicator, cultivation management