欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (26): 139-147.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0250

• 农业产业发展规划 • 上一篇    下一篇

农业航空技术与装备发展趋势及建议——面向农业新发展和产业新动能需求,做大做强低空综合经济生态的“农业链条”

张瑞瑞(), 张林焕, 李龙龙, 丁晨琛, 唐青   

  1. 国家农业智能装备工程技术研究中心/农业航空应用技术国际联合研究中心, 北京 100097
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-31 修回日期:2025-06-20 出版日期:2025-10-12 发布日期:2025-10-12
  • 作者简介:

    张瑞瑞,研究员,博士,研究方向:农业智能装备、农业航空应用技术。通信地址:100097 北京市海淀区曙光花园中路11号 北京农科大厦,Tel:010-81128498,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目“植保无人机下洗气流作用作物弯曲冠层形变对药液沉积分布的传递机制”(32472008); 国家重点研发计划课题“大载荷植保无人机固/液态药物精准喷施关键技术及部件研发”(2023YFD2000204)

Development Trends and Suggestions for Agricultural Aviation Technologies and Equipment——Towards Agriculture New Development Status and New Industrial Growth, Strengthening the Agricultural Part in Low-altitude Economic

ZHANG Ruirui(), ZHANG Linhuan, LI Longlong, DING Chenchen, TANG Qing   

  1. National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture /National Center for International Research of Agriculture Aerial Application Technology, Beijing 100097
  • Received:2025-03-31 Revised:2025-06-20 Published:2025-10-12 Online:2025-10-12

摘要:

为促进农业航空技术现代化和产业高质量发展,本研究采用区域对比分析、技术热点追踪、典型案例分析、产业链结构梳理及关键技术参数对比等方法,分析了全球农业航空技术与装备的发展现状与趋势,全面评估中国与发达国家在该领域的优势与差距,明确了中国面临的“原创性装备研发不足”、“产业链关键环节缺失”等核心问题,并提出了“十五五”期间中国农业航空技术创新的重点方向与具体路径。全球农业航空技术发展迅速,美国凭借完善的产业链和领先的原创技术占据全球主导地位;中国在农业无人机装备总量、应用面积和飞行控制技术方面具有领先优势,但存在原创技术较少、关键部件性能不高、产业链不完整及跨领域整体解决方案不足等突出问题。为此建议:重点突破大载荷无人机动力系统与智能作业算法以强化原创性技术研发;补齐专用药剂研发、维修服务体系等短板以加快完善产业链;建设专业检测平台并推动跨领域技术融合以突破发展瓶颈;同时加强政策支持、资金投入及人才培养,积极构建农业低空经济生态,推动中国农业航空产业可持续发展。

关键词: 农业航空装备, 无人机技术, 产业链, 精准施药, 发展趋势

Abstract:

To promote the modernization of agricultural aviation technologies and the high-quality development of the industry, this study adopts methods such as regional comparative analysis, technology hotspot tracking, case study analysis, industrial chain structure examination, and comparison of key technical parameters. It systematically analyzes the current status and development trends of global agricultural aviation technologies and equipment, provides a comprehensive assessment of China’s advantages and gaps relative to developed countries, identifies core issues such as insufficient original equipment development and missing links in the industrial chain, and proposes priority directions and pathways for China’s agricultural aviation technology innovation during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. Global agricultural aviation technology is developing rapidly. China leads the world in the total number of agricultural unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), operational acreage, and flight control technology. However, it still faces prominent issues such as a lack of original technologies, suboptimal performance of key components, incomplete industrial chains, and inadequate cross-domain integrated solutions. The United States dominates international competition due to its mature industrial chain and advanced original technologies. To address these challenges, this study suggests enhancing original technological innovation, accelerating the improvement of the industrial chain, establishing specialized testing platforms, and promoting cross-sector technology integration to overcome existing technical bottlenecks. Meanwhile, policy support, funding input, and talent development should be strengthened to build a low-altitude economic ecosystem for agriculture and promote the sustainable development of China’s agricultural aviation industry.

Key words: agricultural aviation equipment, UAV technology, industrial chain, precise application, development trends