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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 191-197.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0302

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

同心红葱软腐病株与健株内生细菌多样性及群落组成分析

马娟(), 喇真, 胡明珠, 代金霞()   

  1. 宁夏大学生命科学学院， 银川 750021
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-26 修回日期:2025-08-15 出版日期:2026-01-25 发布日期:2026-01-22
  • 通讯作者:
    代金霞，女，1973年出生，宁夏银川人，教授，博士，研究方向：微生物资源开发与利用。通信地址：750021 宁夏银川市西夏区贺兰山西路489号 宁夏大学生命科学学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    马娟，女，2003年出生，宁夏固原人，学士，研究方向：微生物资源开发与利用。通信地址：750021 宁夏银川市西夏区贺兰山西路489号，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    宁夏重点研发计划项目“退砂地土壤质量提升与复合栽培技术研究与示范”(2022BBF02025); 宁夏大学创新项目“健康与软腐病红葱内生细菌多样性及群落结构差异”(202410749402)

Analysis of Endophytic Bacteria Diversity and Community Composition in Soft Rot and Healthy Plant of Allium fistulosum in Tongxin of Ningxia

MA Juan(), LA Zhen, HU Mingzhu, DAI Jinxia()   

  1. College of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021
  • Received:2025-04-26 Revised:2025-08-15 Published:2026-01-25 Online:2026-01-22

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摘要：

红葱是宁夏同心地区的主要特色经济作物之一，但软腐病的发生影响了红葱的产量和品质。对红葱软腐病相关的内生细菌群落组成和多样性进行分析，旨在为解析软腐病发生机制及确定病原菌提供理论依据。采用16S rDNA高通量测序技术和传统分离方法，比较了健康与患病红葱内生细菌群落的共性与差异。健康与软腐病样本共获得1334个OTU，病株的内生细菌丰富度与多样性均低于健株。两者群落结构差异明显，均以变形菌门(Proteobacteria)为优势门类，其在病株和健株中的相对丰度分别为82.51%和43.49%。在属水平上，病株以未分类肠杆菌(unclassified_f_Enterobacteriaceae)为优势菌(46.59%)，而健株则以金黄杆菌属(Chryseobacterium，11.98%)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas，7.10%)和黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium，5.01%)等为主。分离培养的内生细菌分属11个属，其中健株特有属4个，病株特有属2个，二者共有属5个。芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)和微杆菌属(Microbacterium)是健株特有属，分离频率较高，可能与其抗病性相关；克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella)和假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)为共有属，在病株中分离频率较高。同心红葱内生细菌多样性和群落组成的变化与软腐病的发生密切相关，但致病菌的确定仍需结合多种方法进行筛选和检测。

关键词: 红葱, 软腐病, 内生细菌, 16S rDNA, 高通量测序

Abstract:

Allium fistulosum is one of the main characteristic economic crops in Tongxin, Ningxia, but the occurrence of soft rot disease affected the yield and quality of A. fistulosum. The analysis of the composition and diversity of endophytic bacterial communities related to the soft rot of A. fistulosum aims to provide a theoretical basis for understanding the mechanism of soft rot disease occurrence and determining the pathogenic bacteria. 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology and traditional isolation methods were used to compare the commonalities and differences of endophytic bacterial communities in healthy and soft rot plants of A. fistulosum. A total of 1334 OTUs were obtained from healthy and diseased samples, and the richness and diversity of endophytic bacteria were lower in diseased samples than in healthy samples. There were significant differences in endophytic bacterial communities between the two samples, with Proteobacteria as the dominant phylum, and its relative abundance in diseased and healthy plants was 82.51% and 43.49%, respectively. At the genus level, unclassified Enterobacteriaceae was the dominant genus in diseased samples (46.59%), while Chryseobacterium (11.98%), Pseudomonas (7.10%), and Flavobacterium (5.01%) were dominant genera in healthy samples. The bacterial strains isolated from healthy and diseased samples belonged to 11 genera, including 4 genera endemic to healthy plants, 2 genera endemic to diseased plants, and 5 genera owned by both. Among them, Bacillus and Microbacterium were endemic genera to healthy plants with high isolation frequency, which may be related to disease resistance of healthy A. fistulosum; Klebsiella and Pseudomonas were common genera, and had a high isolation frequency in diseased plants. This study confirmed that the changes of endophytic bacterial diversity and community composition in A. fistulosum were closely related to the occurrence of soft rot disease, but the identification of pathogenic bacteria still requires screening and detection using multiple methods.

Key words: Allium fistulosum, soft rot disease, endophytic bacteria, 16S rDNA, high-throughput sequencing