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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (21): 58-63.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0529

• 生物育种前沿共性技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

四川小麦品种（系）的白粉病抗性及抗源分析

杨景渊(), 高婧, 盛文婷, 王飞, 杜雨婷, 黄诗语, MUHAMMAD Saqlain, MUHAMMAD Hammad Latif, 朱微, 周永红, 吴丹丹, 郝明, 康厚扬, 李映辉()   

  1. 四川农业大学小麦研究所，小麦族种质资源与材料创新实验室，成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-27 修回日期:2025-07-15 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-08-05
  • 通讯作者:
    李映辉，男，1988年出生，河北石家庄人，副教授，博士，主要从事小麦抗白粉病基因克隆及分子育种研究。通信地址：611130 四川省成都市温江区惠民路211号，四川农业大学，Tel：18210341176，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    杨景渊，男，2001年出生，山西临汾人，在读研究生，研究方向：小麦抗白粉病基因克隆及分子育种。通信地址：611130 四川省成都市温江区惠民路211号，四川农业大学，Tel：13233088533，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    成都市技术创新研发项目“抗白粉病基因Pm69、Pm60和抗条锈病基因Yr15、YrU1的育种应用”(2024-YF05-01624-SN); 国家重点研发计划“西南麦区抗病小麦新种质创制与应用”(2024YFD1201202); 四川省科技厅项目“小麦族种质资源研究与创新四川省自然科学基金创新研究群体”(2023NSFSC1995); 四川省科技厅项目“利用外源新基因Pm56选育抗白粉病小麦新品种（系）”(2023YFN0085)

Powdery Mildew Resistance Evaluation and Resistance Gene Analysis of Sichuan Wheat Varieties (Lines)

YANG Jingyuan(), GAO Jing, SHENG Wenting, WANG Fei, DU Yuting, HUANG Shiyu, MUHAMMAD Saqlain, MUHAMMAD Hammad Latif, ZHU Wei, ZHOU Yonghong, WU Dandan, HAO Ming, KANG Houyang, LI Yinghui()   

  1. Laboratory of Triticeae Germplasm Research and Innovation, Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130
  • Received:2025-06-27 Revised:2025-07-15 Published:2025-07-25 Online:2025-08-05

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摘要：

为明确四川地区小麦品种（系）的白粉病抗性表型及育种中涉及的抗源基因，为小麦抗病育种提供理论依据与实践指导，本研究收集了168份四川小麦品种（系），苗期接种白粉菌生理小种Bgt E09进行抗性鉴定，并结合分子标记检测与基因组原位杂交(GISH)分析抗源基因。结果显示，35份小麦(20.8%)材料表现抗病；分子标记检测发现34份小麦品种（系）携带Pm21基因，1份小麦品系（‘蜀麦2352’）携带Pm56；GISH分析证实‘绵麦367’含一个小麦-簇毛麦臂间易位（6VS·6AL，该易位携带Pm21基因），‘蜀麦2352’含小麦-黑麦臂间易位（6RS·6AL，该易位携带Pm56基因）。研究表明，四川小麦品种（系）白粉病抗性资源匮乏，主要依赖Pm21抗源基因，亟需挖掘利用其他抗病基因以拓宽抗源遗传基础。

关键词: 小麦, 白粉病, 抗病基因, 小麦育种, 分子标记, 抗性鉴定, 基因组原位杂交

Abstract:

Wheat powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a destructive fungal disease that significantly reduces wheat yield and grain quality worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate powdery mildew resistance in Sichuan wheat varieties (lines) and characterize their resistance genes, which will provide an important theoretical basis and practical guidance for disease-resistant wheat breeding. A total of 168 Sichuan wheat varieties (lines) were screened for seedling powdery mildew resistance under artificial climate chamber, which were inoculated with Bgt isolate E09, and the resistance gene was analyzed by molecular marker detection and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). The result showed that 35 wheat materials (20.8%) were resistant. Molecular marker analysis showed that 34 materials carries the Pm21 gene, and ‘Shumai 2352’ carries Pm56. GISH analysis further confirmed that wheat cultivar ‘Mianmai 367’ carries a whole-arm chromosomal translocation of V chromosome (6VS·6AL) harboring Pm21, and ‘Shumai 2352’ possesses a whole-arm translocation of R chromosome (6RS·6AL) containing Pm56. The study highlights the limited genetic diversity of powdery mildew resistance in Sichuan wheat germplasm which are mainly relying on the Pm21 resistance gene, and emphasizes the urgent need to diversify resistance sources by introducing more Pm genes to broaden the genetic basis of disease resistance sources.

Key words: wheat, powdery mildew, disease resistance gene, wheat breeding, molecular marker, resistance identification, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH)