梨形环棱螺高密度遗传图谱构建及性别、生长性状QTL定位

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2026-0199

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (17): 189-195.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2026-0199

梨形环棱螺高密度遗传图谱构建及性别、生长性状QTL定位

吴昊¹^,²(), 马学艳², 闻海波², 杨凯旋¹^,², 袁凯¹^,², 马本贺³, 潘贤辉⁴, 金武²()

¹ 大连海洋大学水产与生命学院，辽宁大连 116023
² 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心/农业农村部稻渔综合种养生态重点实验室，江苏无锡 214081
³ 江西省水产科学研究所，南昌 330039
⁴ 广西水产科学研究院广西水产遗传育种与健康养殖重点实验室，南宁 530021

收稿日期:2026-03-17 修回日期:2026-06-04 出版日期:2026-09-09 发布日期:2026-09-09
通讯作者:
金武，男，1984年出生，副研究员，主要从事淡水贝类种质资源与遗传育种研究。通信地址：214128 无锡市滨湖区雪浪街道壬港社区薛家里69号中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心，Tel：0510-85559775，E-mail：jinw@ffrc.cn。
作者简介:
吴昊，男，2002年出生，江苏盐城人，硕士，研究方向：贝类种质资源与遗传育种研究。E-mail：wuhao20021124@163.com。
基金资助:
广西省重点研发计划“螺蛳（环棱螺和圆田螺）新品种（系）选育与扩繁技术研究及示范”(桂科农AB2506910042); 江西省水产育种联合攻关项目“中华园田螺品种选育联合攻关项目”(jxsczy202603); 苏州市科技计划“环棱螺‘蠡湖1号’对加州鲈鱼养殖水体净化效果的应用研究”(SNG2023017)

Construction of a High-density Genetic Map and QTL Mapping for Sex and Growth Traits in Bellamya purificata

WU Hao¹^,²(), MA Xueyan², WEN Haibo², YANG Kaixuan¹^,², YUAN Kai¹^,², MA Benhe³, PAN Xianhui⁴, JIN Wu²()

¹ College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023
² Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081
³ Jiangxi Fisheries Research Institute, Nanchang 330039
⁴ Guangxi Fisheries Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Fisheries Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture of Guangxi, Nanning 530021

Received:2026-03-17 Revised:2026-06-04 Published:2026-09-09 Online:2026-09-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为推动梨形环棱螺的分子标记辅助育种及相关功能基因的精细定位，本研究利用全基因组重测序技术，对梨形环棱螺重组近交系‘RIL3’的42个个体构建作图群体。通过挖掘和筛选高质量全基因组SNP标记，利用HighMap软件构建高密度遗传图谱，并采用R/qtl软件对性别、生长性状进行了QTL定位，通过基因组注释与功能富集分析，筛选出潜在的候选基因。研究成功构建了一个包含1503个Bin标记、总图距1115.71 cM的高密度遗传图谱，标记平均间距仅为0.81 cM。在连锁群LG2上定位到4个与性别(XB)、体重(TZ)和壳宽(KK)显著相关的QTL，其中性别QTL解释了17.32%的表型变异；候选基因分析发现，性别QTL区间富集于跨膜信号转导、蛋白质去磷酸化及脂质代谢相关基因，生长性状QTL区间则涉及几丁质代谢、激酶信号与基础代谢通路。结果表明，梨形环棱螺的性别决定可能受到以受体酪氨酸磷酸酶为核心的非经典信号网络调控，其生长性状受到多基因的协同影响，这为深入解析该物种的性别与生长性状的分子机制解析及分子育种提供了关键的遗传学依据。

关键词: 梨形环棱螺, 遗传图谱, QTL, 性别决定, 生长性状

Abstract:

In order to carry out molecular marker-assisted breeding and fine mapping of related functional genes of Bellamya purificata, 42 individuals of the recombinant inbred line ‘RIL3’ of B. purificata were used as the mapping population. Based on the whole genome resequencing technology, the whole genome SNP markers were mined and screened. The high-quality SNP markers obtained by mining and screening were used to construct a high-density genetic map using HighMap software. R/qtl software was used to locate QTLs related to gender and growth traits, and candidate genes were screened by genome annotation and functional enrichment analysis. A high-density genetic map containing of 1503 Bin markers with a total map distance of 1115.71 cM was successfully constructed, with an average marker spacing of 0.81 cM. Four QTLs for sex (XB), weight (TZ) and shell width (KK) were mapped on LG2, and the sex QTL explained 17.32 % of the phenotypic variation. Candidate gene analysis showed that the gender QTL interval was enriched in genes related to transmembrane signal transduction, protein dephosphorylation and lipid metabolism, and the growth trait QTL interval was involved in chitin metabolism, kinase signaling and basal metabolic pathways. The results indicate that the sex determination of B. purificata may be regulated by a non-classical signal network with receptor tyrosine phosphatase as the core, and the growth traits are affected by multiple genes, which provide a key genetic basis for the molecular mechanism analysis and molecular breeding of sex and growth traits of this species.

Key words: Bellamya purificata, genetic map, QTL, sex determination, growth traits

中图分类号:

S966.28

吴昊, 马学艳, 闻海波, 杨凯旋, 袁凯, 马本贺, 潘贤辉, 金武. 梨形环棱螺高密度遗传图谱构建及性别、生长性状QTL定位[J]. 中国农学通报, 2026, 42(17): 189-195.

WU Hao, MA Xueyan, WEN Haibo, YANG Kaixuan, YUAN Kai, MA Benhe, PAN Xianhui, JIN Wu. Construction of a High-density Genetic Map and QTL Mapping for Sex and Growth Traits in Bellamya purificata[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(17): 189-195.

图/表 7

参考文献 36

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Sample ID	Raw reads	clean reads	clean bases/Gb	Q20/%	Q30/%	Clean bases ratio/%	GC/%
Female parent ♀	259.99	259.89	38.95	98.02	93.76	99.87	34.62
Male parent ♂	204.22	204.13	30.6	98.01	93.6	99.9	34.21
Offspring average	74.34	74.31	11.14	98.04	93.73	99.87	34.63

Sample ID	Raw reads	clean reads	clean bases/Gb	Q20/%	Q30/%	Clean bases ratio/%	GC/%
Female parent ♀	259.99	259.89	38.95	98.02	93.76	99.87	34.62
Male parent ♂	204.22	204.13	30.6	98.01	93.6	99.9	34.21
Offspring average	74.34	74.31	11.14	98.04	93.73	99.87	34.63

LG ID	Total Bin Marker	Total Distance(cM)	Average Distance(cM)	Max Gap(cM)	Gaps<5cM(%)
LG1	250	136.45	0.55	6.71	99.6
LG2	227	169.5	0.75	6.46	98.23
LG3	150	153.79	1.03	11.13	92.62
LG4	121	117.07	0.97	13.02	97.5
LG5	233	100.43	0.43	4.06	100
LG6	196	179.49	0.92	5.26	98.97
LG7	90	109.31	1.21	6.95	93.26
LG8	236	149.67	0.63	9.89	98.3
Total	1503	1115.71	0.81	13.02	97.31

LG ID	Total Bin Marker	Total Distance(cM)	Average Distance(cM)	Max Gap(cM)	Gaps<5cM(%)
LG1	250	136.45	0.55	6.71	99.6
LG2	227	169.5	0.75	6.46	98.23
LG3	150	153.79	1.03	11.13	92.62
LG4	121	117.07	0.97	13.02	97.5
LG5	233	100.43	0.43	4.06	100
LG6	196	179.49	0.92	5.26	98.97
LG7	90	109.31	1.21	6.95	93.26
LG8	236	149.67	0.63	9.89	98.3
Total	1503	1115.71	0.81	13.02	97.31

性状	QTL	连锁群	LOD	置信区间(cM)	加性效应	显性效应	解释变异
体重	TZ.1	LG2	2.943	10.721~11.911	0.560	-0.051	5.653
体重	TZ.2	LG2	2.680	8.339~8.339	0.530	-0.112	5.009
壳宽	KK	LG2	2.549	10.721~10.721	1.058	0.048	5.315
性别	XB	LG2	3.530	97.070~98.261	0.089	-0.564	17.320

梨形环棱螺高密度遗传图谱构建及性别、生长性状QTL定位

Construction of a High-density Genetic Map and QTL Mapping for Sex and Growth Traits in Bellamya purificata

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基因ID	连锁群	基因名缩写	基因功能
Bpur0048550	LG2	DNAH	轴丝动力蛋白重链
Bpur0048630	LG2	SRPK	SP蛋白激酶
Bpur0048560	LG2	SLC35	UDP-糖转运蛋白
Bpur0048590	LG2	CDA	几丁质脱乙酰酶
Bpur0048760/Bpur0048770	LG2	B4GALT1	UDP-半乳糖基转移酶
Bpur0048840/Bpur0048850/Bpur0048860	LG2	CGC	几丁质结合蛋白基因簇
Bpur0048620	LG2	NAE	合成N-酰基乙醇胺类脂质信号分子
Bpur0048670	LG2	ELk-3	ETS家族转录因子
Bpur0048740/Bpur0048430/Bpur0048450	LG2	PTPRK	受体型酪氨酸蛋白磷酸酶κ
Bpur0048800	LG2	MED20	中介体复合物亚基20
Bpur0048720	LG2	NMUR1	神经调节肽U受体1
Bpur0048870	LG2	IKKε/TBK1	非典型IKK激酶
Bpur0048810	LG2	CDK17	细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶17
Bpur0048880	LG2	CRADD/RAIDD	死亡结构域衔接蛋白
Bpur0048600	LG2	AFMID	犬尿氨酸甲酰胺酶
Bpur0048730	LG2	ACY1	氨基酸酰化酶-1
Bpur0048830	LG2	MRPL2	39S线粒体核糖体蛋白L2
Bpur0048890	LG2	ACAD9	酰基辅酶A脱氢酶家族成员9
Bpur0048900	LG2	α-Glu	α-葡萄糖苷酶
Bpur0048820	LG2	LSm8	U6 snRNA相关Sm样蛋白
Bpur0048650	LG2	UBC13	泛素结合酶
Bpur0048640	LG2	NUDT	Nudix水解酶
Bpur0048680	LG2	APE2	AP内切酶2

基因ID	连锁群	基因名缩写	基因功能
Bpur0071490	LG2	DMAP1	DNA甲基转移酶1相关蛋白1
Bpur0071870/ Bpur0071890	LG2	HDAC1	组蛋白去乙酰化酶1
Bpur0071900	LG2	MTAP	甲基硫代腺苷磷酸化酶
Bpur0071390	LG2	OSMR	Oncostatin M受体
Bpur0071550	LG2	RNF146	E3泛素连接酶RNF146
Bpur0071800	LG2	DEPDC1B/EPS15L1	含DEP结构域的蛋白，参与Wnt信号通路
Bpur0071810	LG2	LAR-PTP	受体型酪氨酸蛋白磷酸酶
Bpur0071820	LG2	PTPRT/PTPκ	受体型酪氨酸蛋白磷酸酶
Bpur0071840	LG2	EPS15	表皮生长因子受体底物15
Bpur0071980	LG2	OX2R	食欲素受体2型
Bpur0071910	LG2	KLF10/11	Krüppel样因子10/11
Bpur0071460	LG2	ELOF1	转录延伸因子1同源物
Bpur0071660	LG2	ABCD3	过氧化物酶体ABC转运蛋白D家族成员3
Bpur0071750	LG2	HADHA	线粒体三功能酶α亚基
Bpur0071790	LG2	OSBPL9/10/11	氧固醇结合蛋白相关蛋白
Bpur0071730	LG2	NDPK	核苷二磷酸激酶
Bpur0071470	LG2	XPF/ERCC4	DNA修复内切酶XPF
Bpur0071340	LG2	FREM1/2	FRAS1相关胞外基质蛋白
Bpur0071350	LG2	Papilin	分泌型糖蛋白，ADAMTS蛋白酶抑制剂
Bpur0071560	LG2	eIF3E	真核翻译起始因子3亚基E
Bpur0071580	LG2	ALG2	α-1,3/1,6-甘露糖基转移酶
Bpur0071650	LG2	UTP3	U3小核仁RNA相关蛋白3
Bpur0071880	LG2	SPEF2	精子鞭毛蛋白2同源物

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