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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (18): 141-149.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2026-0411

• 生物科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

小麦蛋白质组学的研究进展

刘莹1(), 丛翠翠2, 秦国臣1, 郑波1,2()   

  1. 1 北京大学现代农业研究院， 山东潍坊 261325
    2 潍坊市科技创新促进中心， 山东潍坊 261061
  • 收稿日期:2026-05-23 修回日期:2026-07-15 出版日期:2026-09-25 发布日期:2026-09-24
  • 通讯作者:
    郑波，男，1972年出生，山东诸城人，副教授，硕士，研究方向：农业科技。通信地址：261061 山东省潍坊市高新区东风东街6396号 阳光大厦13楼西区，Tel：0536-5573139，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘莹，女，1997年出生，山东青州人，科研助理，硕士，研究方向：作物蛋白质组学。通信地址：261325 山东省潍坊市坊子区太保庄街道滨湖路699号 北京大学现代农业研究院，Tel：0536-6030888，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“创建高深度全蛋白质组关联分析研究技术揭示小麦产量相关性状调控新机制”(2023YFD1202100)

Research Progress in Wheat Proteomics

LIU Ying1(), CONG Cuicui2, QIN Guochen1, ZHENG Bo1,2()   

  1. 1 Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Weifang, Shandong 261325
    2 Weifang Science and Technology Innovation Promotion Center, Weifang, Shandong 261061
  • Received:2026-05-23 Revised:2026-07-15 Published:2026-09-25 Online:2026-09-24

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摘要：

蛋白质组学技术可系统解析蛋白质的时空表达变化，已成为小麦生物学研究中不可或缺的多组学研究手段之一。为了全面梳理蛋白质组学在小麦重要农艺性状调控中的研究进展，本文归纳了近5年定量蛋白质组学与翻译后修饰蛋白质组学在小麦种子发育与贮藏、抗病性调控、非生物胁迫应答、栽培管理及基础生物学等研究领域的研究进展，重点阐述了定量蛋白质组学技术和翻译后修饰蛋白组学技术在小麦重要农艺性状调控机理解析等方面的最新成果。在此基础上，本文指出当前小麦蛋白质组学研究仍面临三方面主要挑战：（1）缺乏适配小麦复杂基因组的专属技术体系；（2）多数研究停留于差异蛋白质筛选与功能富集层面，候选蛋白质的深度功能验证与育种转化效率亟待提升；（3）蛋白质组学数据的深度挖掘及其与人工智能、基因组学、代谢组学等前沿技术的融合应用尚不充分。基于上述问题，本文提出未来应着力打造专业化小麦蛋白质组学研究团队，开发适配小麦特性的分析工具，构建人工智能驱动的多组学智能育种平台，加速关键蛋白质与分子模块向育种实践的转化，为小麦绿色高效育种与可持续生产提供更强科技支撑。

关键词: 小麦, 蛋白质组学, 翻译后修饰, 非生物胁迫, 抗病性, 籽粒品质, 雄性不育, 育种

Abstract:

Proteomics technology, as it can systematically analyze the spatiotemporal expression changes of proteins, has become one of the indispensable multi-omics research methods in wheat biological research. To comprehensively review the research progress of proteomics in the regulation of important agronomic traits in wheat, this paper summarizes the major advances of quantitative proteomics and post-translational modification proteomics over the past five years in research topics including wheat seed development and storage, disease resistance regulation, abiotic stress response, cultivation management and basic biological research, and elaborates on the latest research findings of quantitative proteomics technology and post-translational modification proteomics technology in the dissection of regulatory mechanisms for important agronomic traits in wheat. On this basis, this review points out that current research on wheat proteomics is still confronted with three major challenges: (1) there is a lack of a special technical system adapted to the complex genome of wheat; (2) most studies only stay at the stage of differential protein screening and functional enrichment, and the in-depth functional verification of candidate proteins as well as the efficiency of breeding application transformation need to be urgently improved; (3) the in-depth mining of proteomic data and its integration with cutting-edge technologies including artificial intelligence, genomics and metabolomics remain insufficient. In view of the above mentioned problems, it is proposed that efforts should be made to build professional research teams for wheat proteomics, to develop wheat-specific analytical tools, to construct an artificial intelligence-driven multi-omics intelligent breeding platform, to accelerate the translation of key proteins and molecular modules into breeding practices, and to provide stronger scientific and technological support for green and efficient breeding as well as sustainable production of wheat.

Key words: wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), proteomics, post-translational modification, abiotic stress, disease resistance, grain quality, male sterility, breeding

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