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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (29): 37-41.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17090158

所属专题： 农业气象

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

避雨伞对杨梅生长及果实品质影响

任海英,戚行江   

  1. 浙江省农业科学院园艺研究所,浙江省农业科学院园艺研究所
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-28 修回日期:2017-12-25 接受日期:2018-01-25 出版日期:2018-10-15 发布日期:2018-10-15
  • 通讯作者: 戚行江
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省农业厅“三农六方”项目“杨梅设施延迟栽培关键技术研发与示范推广”(CTZB-F160728AWZ-SNY1-34)；农业部创意农业重点实验 室基金；浙江省农业科学院杨梅工程中心建设(2017)项目；鄞州区2016 年度第三批科技计划项目“杨梅安全生产及贮运保鲜关键技术示范应用”（鄞 科[2016]68 号）。

Umbrella Affects Growth and Fruit Quality of Myrica rubra

  • Received:2017-09-28 Revised:2017-12-25 Accepted:2018-01-25 Online:2018-10-15 Published:2018-10-15

摘要： 杨梅成熟期遭遇梅雨季节，常常造成丰产不丰收，为了改善果实品质，提高经济效益，本试验采用避雨伞栽培杨梅。结果表明：伞内平均温度为28.39℃，伞外平均温度为30.25℃，避雨伞栽培平均温度比伞外低1.86℃。伞内的平均相对湿度为79.91%，伞外的平均相对湿度为77.49%，避雨伞栽培平均相对湿度比伞外高2.42百分点。伞内处理的杨梅叶片长、宽、厚和叶绿素含量显著比对照低10.10%、17.49%、15.79%和29.79%，夏梢长显著比对照低8.31%。避雨伞栽培果实品质有所改善，b*值、硬度和可溶性固形物显著比对照高19.22%、15.18%和5.75%；酸含量和落果率显著比对照低8.86%和30.19%。采摘期比对照多1-2天，商品果率比对照提高了5.14%，经济效益提升明显，可适度推广避雨伞栽培杨梅。

关键词: 石蒜, 石蒜, 加兰他敏, 提取工艺, 微波法, 超声波法

Abstract: Rain can cause much loss in fruit ripe season of bayberry. To improve fruit quality and economic benefit, umbrellas are applied to bayberry cultivation. The results showed that the average temperature under umbrella was 28.39℃, lower than that outside umbrella (CK) by 1.86℃. The average relative humidity under umbrella was 79.91%, higher than CK by 2.42 percentage points. The average length, width, thickness and content of chlorophyll of bayberry leaves under umbrella were lower than those of CK by 10.10%, 17.49%, 15.79% and 29.79%, respectively, and the average length of summer shoots were significantly lower than that of CK by 8.31%. The umbrella cultivation improved fruit quality, the averageb * value, hardness and soluble solids of treated fruits were higher than those of CK by 19.22%, 15.18% and 5.75% respectively, and the average acid content and fruit drop rate were lower than those of CK by 8.86% and 30.19% respectively. The picking time was longer than that of CK by 1-2 days, the economic fruit rate was 5.14% higher than that of CK, and the economic benefit was improved obviously. Thus, the umbrella cultivation technique can be applied to bayberry production.