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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (30): 135-142.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191100799

所属专题： 小麦

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

小麦不同品种间作和混作对麦蚜发生量的影响

李鸿雁(), 刘乾, 李叶, 宋维虎, 刘长仲()   

  1. 甘肃农业大学植物保护学院/甘肃省农作物病虫害生物工程防治实验室,兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-05 修回日期:2019-11-29 出版日期:2020-10-25 发布日期:2020-10-16
  • 通讯作者: 刘长仲
  • 作者简介:李鸿雁,女,1994年出生,甘肃武威人,硕士研究生,研究方向：农业昆虫与害虫防治。通信地址：7330070 甘肃省兰州市安宁区营门村1号,甘肃农业大学,Tel：18894313125,E-mail： 1162935792@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目“西北春麦化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2018YFD0200405)

Intercropping and Mixed Cropping of Wheat Varieties: Effects on Wheat Aphid Occurrence

Li Hongyan(), Liu Qian, Li Ye, Song Weihu, Liu Changzhong()   

  1. College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/Gansu Provincial Crop and Pest Bioengineering Laboratory, Lanzhou 730070
  • Received:2019-11-05 Revised:2019-11-29 Online:2020-10-25 Published:2020-10-16
  • Contact: Liu Changzhong

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摘要：

通过小麦不同品种的间作、混作,以期用其本身物种的多样性控制麦蚜发生数量。实验通过将5个小麦品种在田间间作和混作组合,以单作小麦品种为对照,在小麦关键期和麦蚜盛发期调查麦蚜发生数量,用蚜量比值法比较不同小麦品种间的抗虫性,用麦蚜发生量比较不同组合间的差异并对比其防治效应。结果表明：各单作品种的感虫程度为高感：石7816>95-108>兰天13,感虫：兰天6>兰天1;在扬花期和灌浆期所有间、混作组合麦蚜发生量至少显著低于其中一种单作品种(P<0.05);在扬花期和灌浆期,除兰天1/石7816、兰天13/95-108、兰天6/95-108和兰天1/95-108这4个组合出现了防治效应负增长外,所有间、混作组合均对麦蚜有防治效果,间作的平均防治效应为12.94%,变化范围为-24.67%~44.33%,混作的平均防治效应为28.92%,变化范围为1.67%~61.33%,防治效应最好的组合均是兰天1/兰天6/兰天13/95-108/石7816,防治效应分别为44.33%和61.33%。研究结果表明不同小麦品种间作、混作大部分对麦蚜的发生量有较好的防治效果。

关键词: 小麦, 麦蚜, 生物多样性, 间作, 混作

Abstract:

This study is aimed at controlling the occurrence number of wheat aphid with species diversity by intercropping and mixed cropping of different wheat varieties. The intercropping and mixed cropping was conducted with five wheat varieties. The wheat variety with monoculture was used as the control. The number of wheat aphids was investigated at the critical stage and the aphid-peak stage. The insect resistance among different wheat varieties was compared with aphid ratio method. The occurrence of wheat aphids was used to compare the differences among different combinations, and to contrast the control effects. The results showed that the susceptibility of monocropping varieties was highly susceptible: Shi 7816 > 95-108 > Lantian13, susceptible: Lantian 6 > Lantian 1. The occurrence of wheat aphid in the intercropping and mixed cropping combinations was significantly lower than that of one monoculture variety (P<0.05), at the flowering and grouting period. Except Lantian 1/Shi 7816, Lantian 13/95-108, Lantian 6/95-108 and Lantian 1/95-108 having negative-increasing control effect, all the intercropping and mixed cropping combinations showed control effect on the wheat aphid. The average control effect of intercropping was 12.94% with a range of -24.67%-44.33%. The average control effect of mixed cropping was 28.92%, with a range of 1.67%-61.33%. Relatively, the best combinations of control effect were Lantian 1/Lantian 6/Lantian 13/95-108/shi7816, with the control effect of 44.33% and 61.33%, respectively. In conclusion, most of the intercropping and mixed cropping combinations have effective control effect on the occurrence of wheat aphid.

Key words: wheat, wheat aphid, biodiversity, intercropping, mixed cropping

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