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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (9): 20-26.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0450

所属专题： 生物技术； 小麦

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

耕作方式与施氮量互作对小麦生长、产量与品质的影响

王福玉(), 陈贵菊, 孙雷明, 黄玲, 邵敏敏, 赵凯, 杨本洲, 张玉丹, 闫璐(), 王霖   

  1. 济宁市农业科学研究院,山东济宁 272031
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-27 修回日期:2021-06-13 出版日期:2022-03-25 发布日期:2022-04-02
  • 通讯作者: 闫璐
  • 作者简介:王福玉,女,1980年出生,山东惠民人,高级农艺师,本科,学士,研究方向：小麦育种与栽培技术研究。通信地址：272031 山东省济宁市济岱路9号 济宁市农业科学研究院,Tel：0537-2036916,E-mail： wangfuyu223@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省良种工程项目“优质专用新品种培育”(2019LZGC001-3);山东省现代农业产业技术体系小麦创新团队项目(SDAIT-01-17);山东省良种工程项目“小麦全基因组选择技术研究与应用”(2019LZGC016)

Interaction Between Tillage Modes and Nitrogen Application Rates: Effects on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Wheat

WANG Fuyu(), CHEN Guiju, SUN Leiming, HUANG Ling, SHAO Minmin, ZHAO Kai, YANG Benzhou, ZHANG Yudan, YAN Lu(), WANG Lin   

  1. Jining Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jining, Shandong 272031
  • Received:2021-04-27 Revised:2021-06-13 Online:2022-03-25 Published:2022-04-02
  • Contact: YAN Lu

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摘要：

为找出鲁西南地区小麦的最佳耕作方式与施氮量,以‘山农20’为试验材料,研究了秸秆不还田免耕(T1)、秸秆还田免耕(T2)、秸秆还田两旋一耕(T3)、秸秆还田深耕(T4)4种耕作方式和225(N1)、165(N2)、300 kg/hm2(N3) 3种施氮量对小麦产量和品质的影响。结果表明：小麦籽粒产量随着施氮量的增加而增加,同一施氮水平下,T4产量最高,达8210.59 kg/hm2,较T1、T2、T3分别增产2.25%、5.71%、8.61%;在同一耕作方式下,小麦籽粒产量300 kg/hm2(N3)时最高。耕作方式和施氮量对小麦籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量互作效应极显著,并且随着施氮量的增加而增加。T4明显提高了小麦籽粒蛋白质含量,施氮量增加了面团形成时间、稳定时间和吸水量。因此,鲁西南地区实施深耕配施氮肥300 kg/hm2,是小麦生产实现高产和优质的最佳耕作和施氮模式。

关键词: 小麦, 耕作方式, 施氮量, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

To find out the best tillage mode and nitrogen application rate of wheat in southwest Shandong, using ‘Shannong 20’ as the experimental material, the effects of four tillage modes (T1: no straw returning no tillage, T2: straw returning no tillage, T3: straw returning two rotary tillage, T4: straw returning deep tillage) and three nitrogen application rates (N1: 225 kg/hm 2, N2: 165 kg/hm2, N3: 300 kg/hm2) on wheat yield and quality were studied. The results showed that the grain yield of wheat increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. Under the same nitrogen application level, the yield of T4 was the highest, reaching 8210.59 kg/hm2, which was 2.25%, 5.71% and 8.61% higher than that of T1, T2 and T3, respectively. Under the same tillage mode, the yield of N3 was the highest. The interaction effect of tillage mode and nitrogen application rate on wheat grain protein content and wet gluten content was extremely significant, and increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. T4 significantly increased the protein content of wheat grain, and nitrogen application rate increased dough formation time, stability time and water absorption. Therefore, the implementation of deep tillage combined with nitrogen application rate of 300 kg/hm2 in southwestern Shandong is the best tillage and nitrogen application mode for wheat production to achieve high yield and high quality.

Key words: wheat, tillage mode, nitrogen application rate, yield, quality

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