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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (18): 1-8.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0389

所属专题： 生物技术

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

华南双季直播稻耐淹成苗率种质筛选及比较分析

朱满山(), 付崇允, 柳武革, 廖亦龙, 马晓智, 王丰()   

  1. 广东省农业科学院水稻研究所/农业农村部华南优质稻遗传育种实验室（部省共建）/广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室/广东省水稻工程实验室，广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-24 修回日期:2023-08-15 出版日期:2024-06-18 发布日期:2024-06-18
  • 通讯作者:
    王丰，男，1963年出生，江西吉安人，研究员，博士，主要从事杂交水稻遗传育种研究。通信地址：510640 广州市天河区金颖东一街3号 广东省农业科学院水稻研究所，Tel：020-85266187，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    朱满山，男，1973年出生，安徽霍邱人，副研究员，硕士，主要从事水稻杂种优势利用及品质育种研究。通信地址：510640 广州市天河区金颖东一街3号 广东省农业科学院水稻研究所，Tel：020-85266187，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    广东省农业科学院农业优势产业学科团队建设项目“水稻杂种优势研究与利用团队”(202101TD); 国家水稻产业技术体系“华南水稻育种岗位科学家”(CARS-01); 广东省重点实验室项目“广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室”(2020B1212060047)

Seedling Establishment Rate of Double-cropping and Direct-seeded Rice under Submergence in South China: Germplasm Screening and Comparative Analysis

ZHU Manshan(), FU Chongyun, LIU Wuge, LIAO Yilong, MA Xiaozhi, WANG Feng()   

  1. Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding/Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640
  • Received:2023-05-24 Revised:2023-08-15 Published:2024-06-18 Online:2024-06-18

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摘要：

本研究旨在鉴定在华南稻区不同季节下适宜直播的水稻种质材料，以适应该地区自然条件并支持新品种培育。选取华南地区广泛使用的水稻品种及其亲本作为试验对象，分别在早季与晚季进行了大田直播淹水成苗实验（水深6 cm）。结果表明，早季直播淹水成苗率均极显著地高于晚季，且早、晚季的淹水成苗率间相关不显著（R2=-0.1253）。在早季条件下，‘Francis’、‘starbonett99’、‘润丰B’、‘Kasalath’和‘粤抗1614’等5个材料展现出较高的淹水成苗率（65.0%~76.5%），并且聚类分析将这5份材料都同聚在类群I；而在晚季条件下，‘玉晶软占’和‘常规稻5’的淹水成苗率最高，分别仅为42.5%和39.5%，同样被聚在类群I。这一结果说明由于华南稻区早晚季气候特征差异，选育直播稻新品种时应考虑选择适合各自季节的淹水成苗率高的种质材料。

关键词: 水稻, 种质筛选, 成苗率, 耐淹, 直播稻, 华南

Abstract:

The widely used rice varieties (parents) in the rice-growing area of South China were used as test materials and the field direct seeding and flooding seedling emergence tests were conducted in both early and late seasons, respectively, in South China. The aim was to identify and screen out germplasm with higher rate of seedling establishment under flooding and submergence conditions (under the condition of water depth of 6 cm), and provide material support for the development of new rice varieties suitable for direct seeding under natural conditions in South China. The results showed that the seedling establishment rate under flooding and submergence conditions in the early season was significantly higher than that in the late season, and there was no significant correlation between the rates of seedling establishment in the early and late seasons (R2=-0.1253). In the early season, the rates of seedling establishment of ‘Francis’, ‘starbonett99’, ‘Runfeng B’, ‘Kasalath’, and ‘Yuekang 1614’, were the highest five materials, up to 65.0% to 76.5%. Cluster analysis grouped these five materials into the same cluster I. In the late season, the rates of seedling establishment of ‘Yujingruanzhan’ and ‘Conventional Rice 5’ were the highest ones, but only accounted for 42.5% and 39.5%, respectively, and they were also grouped into the same cluster. This indicates that due to different climatic conditions in the early and late rice-growing seasons in South China, different types of germplasm materials with high seedling establishment rate under flooding and submergence conditions should be selected for the breeding of new direct-seeded rice varieties.

Key words: rice, germplasm screening, rate of seedling establishment, submergence, direct-seeded rice, South China