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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (24): 36-43.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0614

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

芝麻种质苗期耐盐性鉴定及耐盐材料筛选

宫慧慧(), 崔新晓, 张玉娟, 王欣, 张秀荣(), 赵军胜()   

  1. 山东省农业科学院经济作物研究所,济南 250100
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-04 修回日期:2023-12-15 出版日期:2024-08-20 发布日期:2024-08-20
  • 通讯作者:
    赵军胜,男,1981年生,山东沂南人,研究员,博士,研究方向:作物遗传育种。通信地址:250100 山东省济南市历城区工业北路23788号,Tel:0531-66658256,E-mail:
    张秀荣,女,1961年生,山东武城人,研究员,本科,学士,研究方向:芝麻种质资源与遗传育种。通信地址:250100 山东省济南市历城区工业北路23788号,Tel:0531-6665811,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    宫慧慧,女,1982年出生,山东即墨人,助理研究员,研究生,硕士,研究方向:特色油料作物遗传育种。通信地址:250100 山东省济南市历城区工业北路23788号,Tel:0531-66658118,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    山东省乡村振兴科技创新提振行动计划“黑芝麻新品种引进筛选与提质增效关键技术创新”(2023TZXD002); “耐盐碱芝麻生态化利用技术集成创新与示范”(2023TZXD016)

Salt Tolerance Identification of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) at Seedling Stage and Screening for Salt Tolerant Accessions

GONG Huihui(), CUI Xinxiao, ZHANG Yujuan, WANG Xin, ZHANG Xiurong(), ZHAO Junsheng()   

  1. Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100
  • Received:2023-09-04 Revised:2023-12-15 Published:2024-08-20 Online:2024-08-20

摘要:

土壤盐渍化是农业生产的主要限制因素,发展耐盐碱作物对盐碱地高效利用和提高土地增量具有重要意义。本实验以耐盐性差异明显的芝麻种质为试验材料,采用盆栽方法,设置0‰、5‰、8‰ NaCl溶液3个处理,测定相对株高、存活率以及干/鲜重等指标,确立芝麻苗期耐盐性鉴定评价方法。实验结果显示随着盐浓度的增加,芝麻苗期各生长指标均呈下降趋势。8‰ NaCl浓度下,相对苗/根鲜重、相对苗/根干重、相对株高和相对存活率变化范围分别为20.57%~49.12%,28.26%~48.76,8.17%~23.42%,6.46%~21.10%,10.91%~45.01%和6.83%~53.00%。采用隶属函数和主成分分析方法进行耐盐能力综合评价,各材料排序为‘G551’>‘G441’>‘LZ 1’>‘中芝11’>‘LZ 2’>‘JH1’>‘G358’>‘G452’。对126份芝麻种质以8‰ NaCl为筛选浓度、以相对成苗率为筛选指标,进行了苗期耐盐性鉴定,通过聚类分析将参试材料划分为5大类,并筛选到耐盐芝麻种质9份。本研究为芝麻耐盐性鉴定和耐盐新品种选育提供了材料和技术支撑。

关键词: 芝麻, 苗期耐盐性, 鉴定评价, 主成分分析

Abstract:

Soil salinization is the main limiting factor in agricultural production. The development of salinized resistant crops has great significance to the efficient development and utilization of salinized land, and the improvement of land increment. Sesame germplasms with significant differences in salt tolerance were used as experimental materials. We used a potting experiment by setting three NaCl treatment concentrations of 0‰, 5‰, and 8‰. To establish a method for identifying and evaluating the salt tolerance during the seedling stage, relative seeding height, relative survival seedlings, seeding and root fresh weight, and dry weight were measured. The results showed that with the increase of NaCl concentration, the growth parameters at the seedling stage decreased gradually. Under 8‰ NaCl stress, the relative seeding and root fresh weight, relative seeding and root dry weight, relative seeding height, and relative survival seedlings were 20.57%-49.12%, 28.26%-48.76%, 8.17%-23.42%, 6.46%-21.10%, 10.91%-45.01%, and 6.83%-53.00%, respectively. Combined with principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation method of membership function, the salt tolerance of eight sesame varieties was evaluated. The order of salt tolerance of 8 sesame varieties was as follows: ‘G551’>‘G441’>‘LZ 1’>‘Zhong zhi 11’>‘LZ 2’>‘JH1’>‘G358’>‘G452’. Then salt tolerance screening of 126 sesame germplasms was performed using relative survival seedlings under 8‰ NaCl. With the cluster analysis, these 126 sesame varieties were divided into five groups, and 9 high salt-tolerant varieties were screened. The results provide material and technical support for identification of salt tolerance in sesame and the breeding of new salt tolerant varieties.

Key words: sesame, salt tolerance at seedling stage, identification and evaluation, principal component analysis