黄精皂苷的化学成分、生物合成及药理作用研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0141

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (29): 21-30.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0141

黄精皂苷的化学成分、生物合成及药理作用研究进展

翟玉凤¹(), 丁兰², 余叶敏³, 贾巧君¹, 梁宗锁¹, 汪得凯¹()

¹ 浙江理工大学生命科学与医药学院，杭州 310018
² 浙江杭州市临安区农林技术推广中心，杭州 311399
³ 杭州临安益丰农业开发有限公司，杭州 311321

收稿日期:2024-02-29 修回日期:2024-05-15 出版日期:2024-10-15 发布日期:2024-10-14
通讯作者:
汪得凯，男，1977年出生，安徽舒城人，研究员，博士，主要从事药用植物资源和分子遗传研究。通信地址：310018 浙江杭州钱塘区下沙2号大街928号浙江理工大学生命科学与医药学院，Tel：0571-86843303，E-mail: kay77@163.com。
作者简介:
翟玉凤，女，1997年出生，山东德州人，硕士研究生，主要从事药用植物资源研究。通信地址：310018 浙江杭州钱塘区下沙2号大街928号浙江理工大学生命科学与医药学院，Tel：0571-86843303，E-mail： 276109167@qq.com。
基金资助:
浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划“非农化整治土壤青钱柳林下林药高效复合栽培模式研究与示范”(2023C02017); 浙江省中药材产业技术团队项目“林下中药材生态种植模式示范”(ZNK2022-2)

The Chemical Constituents, Biological Synthesis and Pharmacological Effects of the genus Polygonatum Saponins: A Review

ZHAI Yufeng¹(), DING Lan², YU Yemin³, JIA Qiaojun¹, LIANG Zongsuo¹, WANG Dekai¹()

¹ College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018
² Agricultural and Forestry Technology Promotion Center in Lin'an District, Hangzhou City, Hangzhou 311399
³ Hangzhou Lin'an Yifeng Agricultural Development Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 311321

Received:2024-02-29 Revised:2024-05-15 Published:2024-10-15 Online:2024-10-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

黄精(Polygonatum spp.)是药食同源植物，其活性成分如多糖、黄酮和皂苷具有显著的药理作用。近年来的研究主要集中在从黄精中提取具有抗疲劳、抗氧化、降血糖、降血脂及增强免疫力的皂苷类成分。尽管对黄精皂苷的结构解析取得了一定进展，但其生物合成途径尚需深入研究。黄精中的皂苷通过甲羟戊酸途径和2-C-甲基-D-赤藓醇-4-磷酸途径合成，涉及多个酶催化步骤。本研究提出，黄精皂苷在抗肿瘤、抗菌抗炎、抗病毒及提高免疫调节方面具有多种生物功效，并在药品、食品、化妆品等领域有广泛应用。然而，当前研究还存在以下不足：结构解析不够深入、生物合成途径未完全阐明及药理作用机制不明。未来的研究应加强黄精皂苷的分离、结构解析、合成生物学及药理学研究，以推动其科学研究和产品开发，为新型治疗药物的开发提供科学依据。

关键词: 黄精, 皂苷, 化学成分, 生物合成, 药理活性, 抗氧化活性

Abstract:

The genus Polygonatum Mill, commonly referred to as "Huang Jing," are plants renowned for their medicinal and edible properties. Their active constituents, including polysaccharides, flavonoids, and saponins, exhibit notable pharmacological effects. Recent studies have predominantly centered on the extraction of saponin components from the genus Polygonatum, which are attributed with anti-fatigue, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, and immune-enhancing properties. While there has been some advancement in the structural analysis of the genus Polygonatum saponins, their biosynthetic pathways remain underexplored. The synthesis of saponins in the genus Polygonatum occurs via the mevalonic acid pathway and the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate pathway, encompassing multiple enzymatic steps. This research indicates that the genus Polygonatum saponins exert diverse biological effects, including anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immune regulatory activities, and hold significant potential in medicine, food, cosmetics, and other sectors. Nonetheless, current studies are limited by inadequate structural analysis, an incomplete understanding of biosynthetic pathways, and ambiguous mechanisms of pharmacological action. Future endeavors should prioritize the isolation, structural analysis, synthetic biology, and pharmacology of the genus Polygonatum saponins to advance their scientific investigation and product development, thereby laying a foundation for the creation of novel therapeutic agents.

Key words: Polygonatum spp, saponins, chemical composition, biological synthesis, pharmacological activity, antioxidant activity

翟玉凤, 丁兰, 余叶敏, 贾巧君, 梁宗锁, 汪得凯. 黄精皂苷的化学成分、生物合成及药理作用研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(29): 21-30.

ZHAI Yufeng, DING Lan, YU Yemin, JIA Qiaojun, LIANG Zongsuo, WANG Dekai. The Chemical Constituents, Biological Synthesis and Pharmacological Effects of the genus Polygonatum Saponins: A Review[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(29): 21-30.

图/表 5

参考文献 60

[1]	Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission. Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China:Vol I (中华人民共和国药典:第一部)[M]. Beijing: China medical science press, 2020:319-320.
[2]	杨冰峰, 胥峰, 李淑立, 等. 黄精化学成分-生理功能及产业发展研究进展[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2021, 49(11):8-12.
[3]	王彩霞. 黄精中三萜皂苷和活性多糖的分离与鉴定[D]. 无锡: 江南大学, 2008.
[4]	胡康棣, 李昌林, 李昌素, 等. 黄精功能成分的研究进展[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2021, 49(12):16-18.
[5]	陈晔, 孙晓生. 黄精的药理研究进展[J]. 中药新药与临床药理, 2010, 21(3):328-330.
[6]	LIAO Y Y, LI Z X, QING Z, et al. Saponin surfactants used in drug delivery systems: a new application for natural medicine components[J]. International journal of pharmaceutics, 2021, 603:120709.
[7]	SINGH D, CHAUDHURI P K. Structural characteristics, bioavailability and cardioprotective potential of saponins[J]. Integrative medicine research, 2018, 7:33-43. doi: 10.1016/j.imr.2018.01.003 pmid: 29629289
[8]	罗攀, 吕春明, 周文斌, 等. 薯蓣皂苷药理作用、潜在肝毒性及药代动力学研究进展[J]. 中国药物警戒, 2018, 15(8):493-498.
[9]	唐翩翩, 徐德平. 黄精中甾体皂苷的分离与结构鉴定[J]. 食品与生物技术学报, 2008(4):34-37.
[10]	LAURENCE D, JURAJ H, RENE L. Chromatographic procedures for the isolation of plant steroids[J]. Journal of chromatography A, 2001, 935:105-108. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)00992-x pmid: 11762770
[11]	宋玮, 郑伟, 张洁, 等. 中药皂苷类成分的体内代谢研究进展[J]. 药学学报, 2018, 53(10):1609-1619.
[12]	LI X C, YANG R C, MAKOTO L, et al. Steroid saponins from Polygonatum kingianum[J]. Phytochemistry, 1992, 31(10):3559-3563.
[13]	马百平, 张洁, 康利平, 等. 滇黄精中一个三萜皂苷的NMR研究[J]. 天然产物研究与开发, 2007, 19(1):7-10.
[14]	HE S Y, BAI P M, LI P K, et al. Saponins from the processed rhizomes of Polygonatum kingianum[J]. Chemical and pharmaceutical bulletin, 2009, 57(9):1086-1092.
[15]	HE S Y, BAI P M, XIN B S, et al. Two new steroidal saponins from the processed Polygonatum kingianum[J]. Helvetica chimica acta, 2010, 93(6):1011-1014.
[16]	孙隆儒. 黄精化学成分及生物活性的研究[D]. 沈阳: 沈阳科技大学, 1999.
[17]	徐德平, 孙婧, 齐斌, 等. 黄精中三萜皂苷的提取分离与结构鉴定[J]. 中草药, 2006, 37(10):1470-1472.
[18]	TANG C, YU Y M, QI Q L, et al. Steroidal saponins from the rhizome of Polygonatum sibiricum[J]. Journal of Asian natural products research, 2019, 21(3):197-206.
[19]	李宁, 李巍, 陈刚, 等. 甾体皂苷类化合物及其制备方法和应用.中国:CN 111303231 B[P].2021-8-24.
[20]	MA B J, WANG Y Z, BAO Y W, et al. Saponins from the rhizomes of Polygonatum nodosum Hua and their chemotaxonomic significance[J]. Biochemical systematics and ecology, 2021, 98:104308.
[21]	HU C Y, XU D P, WU Y M, et al. Triterpenoid saponins from the rhizome of Polygonatum sibiricum[J]. Journal of Asian natural products research, 2010, 12(9):801-808.
[22]	YANG Q X. Steroidal saponins from five medicinal liliaceous plants[D]. Kunming: Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese academy of sciences, 1999.
[23]	SHARMA S, CHHIMWAL J, KUMAR S, et al. Cytotoxic steroidal saponins from Polygonatum verticillatum Linn[J]. Phytochemistry letters, 2021, 45:30-36.
[24]	MA K, HUANG X F, KONG L Y. Steroidal saponins from Polygonatum cyrtonema[J]. Chemistry of natural compounds, 2013, 49(5):888-891.
[25]	尹艳, 关红雨, 张夏楠. 甾体皂苷生物合成相关酶及基因研究进展[J]. 天然产物研究与开发, 2016, 28(8):1332-1336.
[26]	UPADHYAY S, JEENA G S, SHIKHA, et al. Recent advances in steroidal saponins biosynthesis and in vitro production[J]. Planta, 2018, 248(3):519-544. doi: 10.1007/s00425-018-2911-0 pmid: 29748819
[27]	LI D, WANG Q, CHEN S, et al. De novo assembly and analysis of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua and identification of genes involved in polysaccharide and saponin biosynthesis[J]. BMC genomics, 2022, 23(1):195.
[28]	张雪, 王希付, 赵荣华, 等. 药用植物甾体皂苷生物合成途径研究进展[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志, 2020, 26(14):225-234.
[29]	廖荣俊, 杨阳, 叶碧欢, 等. 多花黄精根茎的转录组分析与甾体皂苷生物合成相关基因发掘[J]. 中国中药杂志, 2020, 45(7):1648-1656.
[30]	单春苗, 王晨凯, 施圆圆, 等. 多花黄精甾体皂苷生物合成途径分析及关键酶基因研究[J]. 中国中药杂志, 2020, 45(12):2847-2857.
[31]	徐惠龙, 孟静, 范世明, 等. 基于转录组的多花黄精与长梗黄精代谢途径分析[J]. 中药材, 2020, 43(11):2663-2668.
[32]	YAO L, LU J, WANG J, et al. Advances in biosynthesis of triterpenoid saponins in medicinal plants[J]. Chinese journal of natural medicines, 2020, 18(6):417-424. doi: S1875-5364(20)30049-2 pmid: 32503733
[33]	周宸, 巩婷, 陈晶晶, 等. 三萜皂苷生物合成相关糖基转移酶研究进展[J]. 生物工程学报, 2022, 38(4):1-21.
[34]	朱源, 李检秀, 李坚斌, 等. 药用植物中四环三萜皂苷合成生物学研究进展[J]. 广西科学院学报, 2020, 36(3):309-316.
[35]	张召宝, 侯林, 崔清华, 等. 中药三萜皂苷合成通路的生物信息学分析[J]. 中成药, 2015, 37(6):1255-1261.
[36]	牛云云, 朱孝轩, 罗红梅, 等. 三萜皂苷合成生物学元件的开发:三七鲨烯环氧酶编码基因克隆及表达模式分析[J]. 药学学报, 2013, 48(2):211-218.
[37]	李诺楠, 李春. 糖基转移酶在三萜皂苷合成中的应用[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(10):3869-3879. doi: 10.11949/0438-1157.20190607
[38]	LIAO W, MEI Z, MIAO L, et al. Comparative transcriptome analysis of root, stem, and leaf tissues of Entada phaseoloides reveals potential genes involved in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis[J]. BMC genomics, 2020, 21(1):639.
[39]	CHUNG S Y, SEKI H, FUJISAWA Y, et al. A cellulose synthase-derived enzyme catalyses 3-O-glucuronosylation in saponin biosynthesis[J]. Nature communication, 2020, 11(1):5664.
[40]	赵水平. 血脂第3讲高脂血症的病因[J]. 中国临床医生, 2003, 31(11):15-17.
[41]	彭静. 黄精皂苷对糖尿病肾病大鼠肾损伤的保护作用及Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的影响[J]. 中成药, 2019, 41(10):2518-2521.
[42]	CHAI Y Y, LUO J Y, BAO Y H. Effects of Polygonatum sibiricum saponin on hyperglycemia, gut microbiota composition and metabolic profiles in type 2 diabetes mice[J]. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy, 2021, 143:112155.
[43]	LUO J Y, CHAI Y Y, ZHAO M, et al. Hypoglycemic effects and modulation of gut microbiota of diabetic mice by saponin from Polygonatum sibiricum[J]. Food & function, 2020, 11(5):4327-4338.
[44]	KATO A, MIURA T. Hypoglycetnic activity of polygonati rhizoma in normal and diabetic mice[J]. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, 1993, 16(11):1118-1120.
[45]	ZHOU D, LI X Z, CHANG W H, et al. Antiproliferative steroidal glycosides from rhizomes of Polygonatum sibiricum[J]. Phytochemistry, 2019, 164:172-183. doi: S0031-9422(19)30019-6 pmid: 31158602
[46]	SHRUTI S, JYOTI C, SHIV KUMAR, et al. Cytotoxic steroidal saponins from Polygonatum verticillatum Linn[J]. Phytochemistry letters, 2021, 45:30-36.
[47]	XIE Y J, CHEN G X. Dioscin induces ferroptosis and synergistic cytotoxicity with chemotherapeutics in melanoma cells[J]. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2021, 557:213-220. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.04.024 pmid: 33878610
[48]	MA Y L, ZHANG Y S, ZHANG F, et al. Methyl protodioscin from Polygonatum sibiricum inhibits cervical cancer through cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction[J]. Food chem toxicol, 2019, 132:110655.
[49]	梁玉琼, 黄庆, 陈梁可, 等. 薯蓣皂苷对HepG2肝癌细胞增殖的抑制作用[J]. 现代食品科技, 2021, 37(8):62-66,213.
[50]	武豪杰, 张明辉, 洪成智. 薯蓣皂苷对滑膜炎大鼠症状的改善作用和对TLR2-NF-κB信号通路的调节作用及其机制[J]. 吉林大学学报(医学版), 2021, 47(4):943-950.
[51]	刘彦东. 不同生长期黔产黄精中化学成分研究及质量评价[D]. 贵州: 贵州师范大学, 2017.
[52]	XIAOWEI C, WEI W, HONG G, et al. Review of Polygonatum sibiricum: a new natural cosmetic ingredient[J]. Pharmazie, 2019, 74(9):513-519.
[53]	徐维平, 祝凌丽, 魏伟, 等. 黄精总皂苷对慢性应激性抑郁模型大鼠免疫功能的影响[J]. 中国临床保健杂志, 2011, 14(1):59-61.
[54]	LU B, YIN L, XU L, et al. Application of proteomic and bioinformatic techniques for studying the hepatoprotective effect of dioscin against CCl₄-induced liver damage in mice[J]. Planta medica, 2011, 77:407-415.
[55]	郭纪芬, 刘艳菊, 杨筱. 薯蓣皂苷元抑制宫颈癌免疫逃逸的作用及机制探讨[J]. 中国免疫学杂志, 2021, 37(15):1830-1835.
[56]	GHIRARDELLO M, RUIZ-DE-ANGULO A, SACRISTAN N, et al. Exploiting structure-activity relationships of QS-21 in the design and synthesis of streamlined saponin vaccine adjuvants[J]. Chemical Communications (camb), 2020, 56(5):719-722.
[57]	张明晓, 方峰, 杨艳, 等. 人参皂苷Rg1对幼龄大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤和神经元凋亡的保护作用[J]. 西安交通大学学报(医学版), 2021, 42(5):693-699.
[58]	孙隆儒, 李铣, 郭月英, 等. 黄精改善学习记忆障碍等作用的研究[J]. 沈阳药科大学学报, 2001, 18(4):286-288.
[59]	POUDEL B, LIM S W, KI H H, et al. Dioscin inhibits adipogenesis through the AMPK/MAPK pathway in 3T3-L1 cells and modulates fat accumulation in obese mice[J]. International journal of molecular medicine, 2014, 34:1401-1408. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1921 pmid: 25189808
[60]	HUANG L, WU Y, YIN H, et al. Two new compounds from the stewed Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua and their protective effect against Aβ_25-35 induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress damage[J]. Natural product research, 2021, 35(23):4945-4952.

来源	皂苷类化合物名称	参考文献
滇黄精 Polygonatum kingianum	kingianosides A，kingianosides B，kingianosides C，kingianosides D	[12]
	6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,6α,12β,25-tetrahydroxy-(20S,24R)-epoxy-dammarane	[13]
	kingianoside H、kingianoside I、ginsenoside-Rc、(25R)-spirost-5-en-3β,17a-diol-3-O-a-L-rhamnopyra-nosyl-（1→4）-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-（1→4）-[a-L-rhamnopy-ranosyl-（1→2）]-β-D-glucopyranoside; （25R）-spirost-5-en-3β,17a-diol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→3）-[a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-（1→2）]-β-D-glucopyranoside; polygonatoside C1; ophiopogonin C’;	[14]
	kingianoside K，(3β,23S,25R)-23-hydroxy-12-oxospirost-5-en-3-yl 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-galactopyranoside	[15]
黄精 Polygonatum sibiricum	Huangjinoside A，Huangjinoside B，Huangjinoside C，Huangjinoside D，Huangjinoside E，Huangjinoside F; Huangjinoside G; Huangjinoside H; Huangjinoside I; Huangjinoside J; Huangjinoside K; Huangjinoside L; Huangjinoside M; Huangjinoside N; Huangjinoside O; Huangjinoside P; Huangjinoside Q; Huangjinoside R;	[16]
	asiaticoside，Oleanane-type saponins，madecassoside，3β(OH)-(3→1)glucose-(4→1)glucose(28→1)arabinose-（2→1）arabinose-oleanolic acid;	[17]
	3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl（1→2）]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-diosgenin; 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→4）-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl（1→2）]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-diosgenin;	[9]
	3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-fucopyranosyl -(25R)-spirost-5-en-3β,17α-diol， 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→4）-β-D- fucopyranosyl-（25S）-spirost-5-en-3β,17α-diol; 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→2）-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→4）-β-D-fucopyranosyl-（25R）-spirost-5-en-3β,17α-diol;3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→4）-β-D-fucopyranosyl-（25R/S）-spirost-5-en-3β,12β-diol;	[18]
	polygonoside 1，polygonoside 2，polygonoside 3，polygonoside，polygonoside 5，polygonoside 6，polygonoside 7	[19]
	polygodoside F，yamogenin 3-O-β-lycotetraoside，gentrogenin 3-O-β-lycotetraoside，neoprazerigenin A 3-O-β-lycotetraoside; diosgenin 3-O-β-lycotetraoside; madecassoside; diosgenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-（1→2）-[O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-（1→4）]-β-D-glucopyranoside; prosapogenin B of dioscin; neoprazerigenin A; （25R）-kingianoside G; acutoside A; diosgenin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→4）-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-（1→2）]-β-D-glucopyranoside	[20]
	Polygonoides C (1)，Polygonoides D (2)，Polygonoides E (3)	[21]
点花黄精 Polygonatum punctatum	Polypunctatoside A，PolypunctatosideB，PolypunctatosideC，PolypunctatosideD，Polypunctatoside E，dioscin;protodioscin; 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl（1→2）[α-L-arabinofuranosyl（1→4）]-β-D-glucopyranoside; prosapogenin A of dioscin; proto-type of prosapogenin A of dioscin;	[22]
轮叶黄精 Polygonatum verticillatum	26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-22ξ-hydroxy-(25R)-furost-5-en-3β,26-diol,3-O-β[xylopyranosyl(1→3)α-L-rhamnopyranosyl（1→2）β-D-glucopyranoside]; 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl（1→3）α-L-rhamnopyranosyl（1→3）β-D-glucopyranoside diosgenin;	[23]
多花黄精 Polygonatum cyrtonema	(25R)spirostan-5-en-12-one-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→3）]-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→4）-β-D-galactopyranoside; （25S）spirostan-5-en-12-one-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→2）O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→3）]-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→4）-β-D-galactopyranoside （25R）spirostan-5-en-12-one-3-O-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→2）-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl（1→3）]-O-β-Dglucopyranosyl（1→4）-β-D-galactopyranoside; （25S）spirostan-5-en-12-one-3-O-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→2）-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl（1→3）]-O-β-Dglucopyranosyl（1→4）-β-D-galactopyranoside 25R-3-β-hydroxyspirost-5-en-12-one; 25S-3-β-hydroxyspirost-5-en-12-one	[24]

来源	皂苷类化合物名称	参考文献
滇黄精 Polygonatum kingianum	kingianosides A，kingianosides B，kingianosides C，kingianosides D	[12]
	6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,6α,12β,25-tetrahydroxy-(20S,24R)-epoxy-dammarane	[13]
	kingianoside H、kingianoside I、ginsenoside-Rc、(25R)-spirost-5-en-3β,17a-diol-3-O-a-L-rhamnopyra-nosyl-（1→4）-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-（1→4）-[a-L-rhamnopy-ranosyl-（1→2）]-β-D-glucopyranoside; （25R）-spirost-5-en-3β,17a-diol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→3）-[a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-（1→2）]-β-D-glucopyranoside; polygonatoside C1; ophiopogonin C’;	[14]
	kingianoside K，(3β,23S,25R)-23-hydroxy-12-oxospirost-5-en-3-yl 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-galactopyranoside	[15]
黄精 Polygonatum sibiricum	Huangjinoside A，Huangjinoside B，Huangjinoside C，Huangjinoside D，Huangjinoside E，Huangjinoside F; Huangjinoside G; Huangjinoside H; Huangjinoside I; Huangjinoside J; Huangjinoside K; Huangjinoside L; Huangjinoside M; Huangjinoside N; Huangjinoside O; Huangjinoside P; Huangjinoside Q; Huangjinoside R;	[16]
	asiaticoside，Oleanane-type saponins，madecassoside，3β(OH)-(3→1)glucose-(4→1)glucose(28→1)arabinose-（2→1）arabinose-oleanolic acid;	[17]
	3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl（1→2）]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-diosgenin; 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→4）-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl（1→2）]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-diosgenin;	[9]
	3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-fucopyranosyl -(25R)-spirost-5-en-3β,17α-diol， 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→4）-β-D- fucopyranosyl-（25S）-spirost-5-en-3β,17α-diol; 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→2）-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→4）-β-D-fucopyranosyl-（25R）-spirost-5-en-3β,17α-diol;3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→4）-β-D-fucopyranosyl-（25R/S）-spirost-5-en-3β,12β-diol;	[18]
	polygonoside 1，polygonoside 2，polygonoside 3，polygonoside，polygonoside 5，polygonoside 6，polygonoside 7	[19]
	polygodoside F，yamogenin 3-O-β-lycotetraoside，gentrogenin 3-O-β-lycotetraoside，neoprazerigenin A 3-O-β-lycotetraoside; diosgenin 3-O-β-lycotetraoside; madecassoside; diosgenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-（1→2）-[O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-（1→4）]-β-D-glucopyranoside; prosapogenin B of dioscin; neoprazerigenin A; （25R）-kingianoside G; acutoside A; diosgenin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→4）-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-（1→2）]-β-D-glucopyranoside	[20]
	Polygonoides C (1)，Polygonoides D (2)，Polygonoides E (3)	[21]
点花黄精 Polygonatum punctatum	Polypunctatoside A，PolypunctatosideB，PolypunctatosideC，PolypunctatosideD，Polypunctatoside E，dioscin;protodioscin; 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl（1→2）[α-L-arabinofuranosyl（1→4）]-β-D-glucopyranoside; prosapogenin A of dioscin; proto-type of prosapogenin A of dioscin;	[22]
轮叶黄精 Polygonatum verticillatum	26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-22ξ-hydroxy-(25R)-furost-5-en-3β,26-diol,3-O-β[xylopyranosyl(1→3)α-L-rhamnopyranosyl（1→2）β-D-glucopyranoside]; 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl（1→3）α-L-rhamnopyranosyl（1→3）β-D-glucopyranoside diosgenin;	[23]
多花黄精 Polygonatum cyrtonema	(25R)spirostan-5-en-12-one-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→3）]-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→4）-β-D-galactopyranoside; （25S）spirostan-5-en-12-one-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→2）O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→3）]-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→4）-β-D-galactopyranoside （25R）spirostan-5-en-12-one-3-O-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→2）-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl（1→3）]-O-β-Dglucopyranosyl（1→4）-β-D-galactopyranoside; （25S）spirostan-5-en-12-one-3-O-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→2）-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl（1→3）]-O-β-Dglucopyranosyl（1→4）-β-D-galactopyranoside 25R-3-β-hydroxyspirost-5-en-12-one; 25S-3-β-hydroxyspirost-5-en-12-one	[24]

黄精皂苷的化学成分、生物合成及药理作用研究进展

The Chemical Constituents, Biological Synthesis and Pharmacological Effects of the genus Polygonatum Saponins: A Review

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 5

参考文献 60

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

关于本刊

作者中心

审者中心

在线期刊

联系我们

[1]	程功, 章建红, 袁虎威, 郑炳松, 闫道良. 冬青属常用药用植物化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(8): 30-37.
[2]	施锘, 朱宏强, 王圣丰, 关辉, 周艳宾, 杜宇, 代惠娟. 植物生长调节剂对烤烟生长发育及产质量的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(28): 10-16.
[3]	艾仄宜, 胡振民, 叶禹彤, 穆兵, 李荣林, 杨亦扬. 不同茶树品种绿杨春茶的适制性评价及其抗氧化活性研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(28): 148-156.
[4]	杨玉玲, 王灿, 屈用函, 茹瑞红, 孙宏伟, 李雪萍, 杨清松, 陶永宏. 文山地区三七根际真菌群落多样性及与土壤类型的关系研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(28): 94-101.
[5]	侯冰清, 王硕立, 张友杰, 曹阳, 时向东, 丁松爽, 刘冰洋, 王以慧. 基于BP神经网络的雪茄原料感官质量预测模型构建[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(27): 126-133.
[6]	苏海兰, 江保东, 朱雁鸣, 郑梅霞, 陈宏, 丁明月, 牛雨晴, 朱育菁. 黄精转录组SSR分子标记开发及种质遗传多样性分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(26): 30-37.
[7]	杨艳, 赵伟金, 谢益燕, 马骏洁, 彭仁, 杨德海, 郑仕方, 孙永华, 李晓婷, 李先才. 大理州植烟区‘KRK26’烟叶化学成分与感官质量特征和土壤养分的关系[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(25): 132-139.
[8]	罗秀芹, 韦卓文, 蔡杰, 安飞飞, 陈松笔, 薛晶晶. 转录组和代谢组联合分析阐释木薯叶片花青素合成机制[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(24): 100-106.
[9]	王莹, 李娟, 孙雪梅. 菊芋HtMYB2基因VIGS体系构建与功能验证[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(24): 116-121.
[10]	张辉红, 张亚恒, 沈勰, 王唯, 刘胜传, 吴方莲, 张仕祥, 陈发元. 黔西南州烤烟烟叶化学成分与外观质量、感官质量的相关性研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(22): 149-157.
[11]	王慧芳, 张希, 王智慧, 郭创江, 文俊明, 杨照, 刘云. 不同湿度条件对雪茄烟叶晾制过程中酶促棕色化反应及品质的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(21): 131-138.
[12]	李宛儒, 关昕, 祁可香, 张赫, 曾伟民, 郑春英. 刺五加叶精油的制备及挥发性成分分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(18): 157-164.
[13]	张杨, 孔德才, 董小卫, 孙延国, 曲远凯, 闫慧峰. 主成分分析法在山东上部烟质量评价中的应用[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(18): 53-57.
[14]	朱明霞, 张玉红. 隆子黑青稞花青素提取及体外抗氧化活性分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(14): 142-147.
[15]	陈丽丽, 吕平, 吕少杰, 房明志, 李斌, 胡跃高, 薛绪掌, 康文艺. 不同波长LEDs光源对苦荞芽菜生长、生物活性物积累及抗氧化活性的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(12): 45-52.