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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (36): 95-101.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0377

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

有机物料还田对稻田土壤温室气体排放及产量的影响

徐建明1(), 王艳红2, 刘忠珍2, 郑小东2()   

  1. 1 仲恺农业工程学院资源与环境学院,广州 510225
    2 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室,广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室,广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-04 修回日期:2024-09-23 出版日期:2024-12-25 发布日期:2024-12-23
  • 通讯作者:
    郑小东,男,1987年出生,博士,研究方向:土壤碳循环。通信地址:510640 广州市天河区金颖路66号 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,Tel:020-85161402,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    徐建明,男,1999年出生,广东清远人,硕士在读,主要从事农业资源利用方面的研究。通信地址:510225 广州市海珠区纺织路东沙街24号 仲恺农业工程学院资源与环境学院,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    广东省农业科学院低碳农业与碳中和研究中心“基于农业废弃物还田利用对土壤碳转化及固碳效应研究”(XTXM202204); 广东省乡村振兴战略专项“基于秸秆综合利用的土壤固碳协同增效技术研发与示范推广”(粤农农计[2023]15号); 广东省科技计划项目“广东省稻田不同耕作模式碳足迹及固碳效应野外科学观测研究站”(2021B1212050020)

Effect of Returning Organic Materials on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Rice Yield in Paddy Soil

XU Jianming1(), WANG Yanhong2, LIU Zhongzhen2, ZHENG Xiaodong2()   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225
    2 Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640
  • Received:2024-06-04 Revised:2024-09-23 Published:2024-12-25 Online:2024-12-23

摘要:

本研究旨在探讨不同有机物料还田条件下对土壤温室气体排放及水稻产量的影响,为农田土壤碳管理提供科学依据。以水稻秸秆及其生物炭为研究对象,在等量碳投入条件下分析秸秆及生物炭还田对早稻产量、温室气体排放特性及土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明:在早稻产量方面,秸秆还田处理相对于对照处理提高了4.71%,而生物炭还田处理相对于对照处理提高了17.2%。在温室气体排放方面,生物炭还田处理显著降低了水稻田温室气体排放强度(P<0.05),而秸秆还田处理显著提高了CH4排放通量、温室效应和温室气体排放强度(P<0.05)。生物炭还田处理不仅能显著提高早稻的产量,同时能显著降低水稻田温室气体的排放,而秸秆还田处理对产量提升效果有限,具有较高的环境增温风险。

关键词: 秸秆, 生物炭, 产量, 温室效应, 低碳农业, 有机物料还田, 温室气体排放, 土壤理化性质

Abstract:

Elucidating the effect of returning organic materials on paddy soil greenhouse gas emissions and rice yield is vital for farmland soil carbon management. Rice straw and its biochar were used as research objects to explore the change of early rice yield, greenhouse gas emission and soil physicochemical properties under the same carbon input condition. The results showed that compared with the control treatment, the early rice yield in straw and biochar returning treatments increased by 4.71% and 17.2%, respectively. Biochar returning significantly reduced the greenhouse gas emission intensity of paddy soils (P<0.05), while straw returning significantly increased CH4 emission flux, greenhouse effect index and greenhouse gas emission intensity (P<0.05). Biochar returning can both increase the early rice yield and decrease the greenhouse gas emissions in paddy soil. However, straw returning has a limited effect on rice yield increase and exhibits a high risk of environmental greenhouse effect.

Key words: crop straw, biochar, yield, greenhouse effect, low-carbon agriculture, organic matter return to field, greenhouse gas emissions, soil physicochemical properties