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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (24): 79-87.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0115

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

吉林省绿色水稻种植区土壤pH与重金属含量的空间关联性研究

潘鹏1(), 丁洋1,2, 杨冬1, 岳本奇1, 孙晗3, 杨秋苹1, 苗雨1, 刘英姿1, 孟广超4   

  1. 1 吉林省绿色食品办公室，长春 130022
    2 吉林农业大学农学院，长春 130118
    3 吉林省农业资源与农业区划研究所，长春 130022
    4 吉林省农业机械化管理中心，长春 130551
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-15 修回日期:2025-07-16 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-05
  • 作者简介:

    潘鹏，男，1995年出生，北京人，农艺师，硕士研究生，研究方向：农业技术推广。通信地址：130022 吉林省长春市自由大路6152号 吉林省绿色食品办公室，Tel：0431-87977015，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    “水稻绿色种植技术规程”(DBXM103-2024)

Study on Spatial Correlation between Soil pH and Heavy Metal Content in Green Rice Planting Areas of Jilin Province

PAN Peng1(), DING Yang1,2, YANG Dong1, YUE Benqi1, SUN Han3, YANG Qiuping1, MIAO Yu1, LIU Yingzi1, MENG Guangchao4   

  1. 1 Jilin Provincial Green Food Office, Changchun 130022
    2 College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118
    3 Jilin Provincial Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Changchun 130022
    4 Jilin Provincial Agricultural Mechanization Management Center, Changchun 130551
  • Received:2025-02-15 Revised:2025-07-16 Published:2025-08-25 Online:2025-09-05

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摘要： 吉林省作为国家商品粮基地，其绿色水稻种植区的土壤健康对保障粮食安全与生态安全具有重要意义。本研究以吉林省42个绿色水稻种植区的土壤为研究对象，系统分析了土壤pH与重金属（镉、汞、砷、铅、铬）含量的空间分布特征及其相关性。结果表明：研究区土壤酸碱度范围为pH 4.6~10，均值为pH 7.23，空间异质性显著（标准差1.21）。重金属含量分析显示，镉、汞、砷、铅、铬的均值分别为0.1094、0.043、8.1、21.79、49.23 mg/kg，其中镉和汞在部分区域接近或超过土壤环境风险筛选值。相关性分析表明，土壤pH与重金属含量呈显著负相关(P<0.01)，尤其是镉(r=-0.387)和汞(r=-0.627)，表明pH升高可有效降低重金属的生物有效性。空间分析进一步揭示了重金属与pH的空间耦合关系，即低pH区域与高重金属含量区域存在明显的空间重叠。基于上述研究结果，本研究提出了以下建议：一是针对酸性土壤进行改良，推荐石灰施用量为1500~3000 kg/hm2；二是构建重金属—pH联合监测网络。这些措施将为吉林省绿色水稻种植区的土壤污染防控与农业可持续发展提供科学依据。

关键词: 吉林省, 绿色水稻种植区, 土壤pH, 重金属含量, 空间分布

Abstract:

As a national commercial grain base, the soil health of green rice planting areas in Jilin Province is crucial for ensuring food security and ecological safety. This study systematically analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of soil pH and heavy metal (Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Cr) contents, along with their correlations, across 42 green rice planting areas in Jilin Province. The results indicated that the soil pH in the study area ranged from 4.6 to 10, with a mean pH value of 7.23 and significant spatial heterogeneity (standard deviation of 1.21). The analysis of heavy metal content revealed that the mean concentrations of Cd, Hg, As, Pb, and Cr were 0.1094, 0.043, 8.1, 21.79 and 49.23 mg/kg, respectively. Notably, the levels of Cd and Hg approached or exceeded the screening values for soil environmental risks in certain areas. Correlation analysis demonstrated a significant negative relationship between soil pH and heavy metal contents (P<0.01), particularly for Cd (r=-0.387) and Hg (r=-0.627), suggesting that increased pH could effectively reduce the bioavailability of heavy metals. Further spatial analysis revealed a coupling relationship between heavy metals and pH, indicating significant overlap between low pH regions and areas with high heavy metal content. Based on the findings of this study, recommendations for acidic soil amendment (with a suggested lime application rate of 1500-3000 kg/hm2) and the establishment of a comprehensive heavy metal—pH monitoring network are proposed. These measures could serve as a scientific basis for soil pollution prevention and control, as well as for sustainable agricultural development in the green rice growing areas of Jilin Province.

Key words: Jilin Province, green rice cultivation area, soil pH, heavy metal content, spatial distribution