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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 31-38.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0244

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

水分胁迫对黄瓜幼苗根系生长及抗氧化酶系统的影响

闫晓花(), 曹甜, 张国斌()   

  1. 甘肃农业大学园艺学院，兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-08 修回日期:2024-11-17 出版日期:2025-01-23 发布日期:2025-01-23
  • 通讯作者:
    张国斌，男，1977年出生，甘肃武威人，副教授，博士，主要研究方向：设施蔬菜栽培生理。通信地址：730070 甘肃省兰州市安宁区营门村1号 甘肃农业大学园艺学院，Tel：0931-7632155，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    闫晓花，女，1979年出生，甘肃兰州人，实验师，博士，主要研究方向：设施蔬菜生理与调控研究。通信地址：730070 甘肃省兰州市安宁区营门村1号 甘肃农业大学园艺学院，Tel：0931-7632155，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    甘肃农业大学创新项目“黄瓜植株对水分胁迫程度和胁迫时期的生理适应机制”(GAU-KYQD-2018-36); 甘肃省教育厅“双一流”科研重点项目“基于种养废弃物肥料化循环利用蔬菜提质增效技术创新与集成示范”(GSSYLXM-02); 甘肃省教育厅产业支撑引导项目“高原夏菜提质增效与绿色生产技术研发与集成示范”(2021CYZC-45)

Effect of Water Stress on Root Growth and Antioxidant Enzyme System of Cucumber Seedlings

YAN Xiaohua(), CAO Tian, ZHANG Guobin()   

  1. College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
  • Received:2024-04-08 Revised:2024-11-17 Published:2025-01-23 Online:2025-01-23

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摘要：

为探明水分胁迫对黄瓜根系形态结构的影响及其对水分胁迫的响应机制，基于盆栽试验，选用黄瓜品种‘新春四号’作为供试材料，设置正常供水(CK)、轻度胁迫(T1)、中度胁迫(T2)、重度胁迫(T3)4个处理，研究不同水分胁迫程度对黄瓜根系建成、抗氧化酶及渗透调节物质的影响。结果表明，相较于正常供水，T1处理下黄瓜幼苗的株高、茎粗、叶面积并未降低，而T2和T3处理则对黄瓜生长发育表现出强烈的抑制作用，且T1处理使得黄瓜根系的总长度、总表面积、总平均直径和根尖数分别提高了4.8%、7.1%、6.8%和2.4%。从根系生理活动来看，根系活力、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性以及丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量均呈现随着水分胁迫程度的加剧而升高的趋势，但根系可溶性蛋白含量随水分胁迫程度的加剧呈现下降趋势。综上，在轻度水分胁迫下(T1)，黄瓜幼苗根系通过调节抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质和可溶性蛋白浓度等来提高对水分胁迫的适应能力，以维持自身的正常生理代谢功能。

关键词: 黄瓜, 根系, 水分胁迫, 抗氧化酶活性, 丙二醛, 脯氨酸, 可溶性蛋白

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of water stress on the morphology and structure of cucumber root system and its response mechanism to water stress, we selected the cucumber variety ‘Xinchun 4’ as the test material for a pot experiment. Four treatments, namely, normal water supply (CK), mild stress (T1), moderate stress (T2), and severe stress (T3), were set to study the effects of different levels of water stress on the root architecture, antioxidant enzymes and osmotic regulating substances of the cucumber root system. The results showed that the plant height, stem thickness and leaf area of cucumber seedlings did not decrease under T1 treatment compared with normal water supply, while T2 and T3 treatments showed strong inhibition of cucumber growth and development, and T1 treatment increased the total length, total surface area, total mean diameter and number of root tips of the cucumber root system by 10.6%, 29.2%, 8.9% and 10.4%, respectively. In terms of root physiological activities, root vigor, SOD, POD and CAT activities, as well as MDA content and proline content tended to increase with the increase of water stress, while root soluble protein content tended to decrease with the increase of water stress. In conclusion, it can be seen that under mild water stress, the root system of cucumber seedlings can improve its adaptive ability to water stress by regulating the activities of antioxidant enzymes, osmoregulatory substances and soluble protein concentration, in order to maintain its normal physiological and metabolic functions.

Key words: cucumber, roots, water stress, antioxidant enzyme activity, malonaldehyde, proline, soluble protein