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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (17): 28-35.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0584

所属专题： 生物技术； 马铃薯

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

马铃薯苗期叶片喷施不同浓度腐植酸对低温胁迫的生理响应

郭新送1(), 黄剑2, 刘晓辰1, 洪丕征1, 范仲卿1, 何利宁2, 刘同信1, 赵花1, 丁方军1(), 王海卫1, 王坤1   

  1. 1 农业部腐植酸类肥料重点实验室，山东农大肥业科技股份有限公司，山东泰安 271600
    2 泰安市农技推广中心，山东泰安 271600
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-04 修回日期:2023-11-21 出版日期:2024-06-15 发布日期:2024-06-11
  • 通讯作者:
    丁方军，男，1964年出生，山东青岛人，教授，本科，主要从事新型肥料研发。通信地址：271600 山东省肥城市高新区创业路249号，Tel：0538-5067660，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    郭新送，男，1987年出生，山东新泰人，高级工程师，硕士，主要从事土壤肥料学方面研究。通信地址：271600 山东省肥城市高新区创业路249号，Tel：0538-5067661，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目“农林废弃物环保利用与减肥增效关键技术研发应用”(2019YFE0122700); 泰安市科技创新发展项目“典型障碍土壤调理剂研发与应用”(2021NS085)

Physiological Response of Potato Seedling Leaves to Low Temperature Stress by Spraying Different Concentrations of Humic Acid

GUO Xinsong1(), HUANG Jian2, LIU Xiaochen1, HONG Pizheng1, FAN Zhongqing1, HE Lining2, LIU Tongxin1, ZHAO Hua1, DING Fangjun1(), WANG Haiwei1, WANG Kun1   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Humic Acid Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Shandong Agricultural University Fertilizer Science Tech. Co. Ltd., Taian, Shandong 271600
    2 Taian Agro-tech Extension and Service Center, Taian, Shandong 271600
  • Received:2023-08-04 Revised:2023-11-21 Published:2024-06-15 Online:2024-06-11

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摘要：

山东是中国典型的马铃薯春薯种植区，春种马铃薯苗期易受到偶发性的低温冷害，其已成为山东春季马铃薯生产中重要的非生物胁迫因素。马铃薯遭受低温冷害后若不采取补救措施轻则减产重则绝收。本研究中模拟马铃薯-2℃的低温胁迫，经低温胁迫3 d后设置喷施0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%浓度腐植酸，通过检测喷施不同浓度腐植酸后的马铃薯生理生化指标，探索出喷施腐植酸对马铃薯低温冷害的缓解效应，摸清马铃薯受低温冷害后腐植酸的最佳喷施浓度。结果表明：低温胁迫下，喷施腐植酸可提高马铃薯叶片含水率，降低叶片电导率来对抗冷害，同时能够提高叶片叶绿素a含量，增强光合能力；低温胁迫下，喷施腐植酸显著影响了马铃薯苗期叶片的抗氧化系统，表现为提高叶片可溶性蛋白含量，提高马铃薯叶片内抗氧化物酶活性，降低植物体内过氧化物质的累积量，保证植物体内常规的氧化还原电位，增强了其抗寒能力。在恢复长势上喷施0.6%~0.8%浓度腐植酸效果较好，在提高叶片抗氧化系统酶活性上喷施0.4%~0.6%浓度腐植酸效果表现较好。

关键词: 低温胁迫, 马铃薯, 腐植酸, 可溶性蛋白, 叶绿素, 抗氧化物酶, 过氧化物质

Abstract:

Shandong is a typical planting area of spring potato in China. Spring potato is susceptible to occasional low temperature injury at the seedling stage, which has become an important abiotic stress factor in potato production in Shandong Province. If there are no remedial measures taken on low temperature or cold damage, the potato yield will be reduced or the yield will be ruined. In this study, the low temperature stress of potato at -2℃ was simulated, after 3 days of low temperature stress, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% and 0.8% humic acid was sprayed. By detecting the physiological and biochemical indicators of potatoes after spraying different concentrations of humic acid, the mitigation effect of spraying humic acid on chilling injury of potatoes was explored and the best spraying concentration of humic acid was found out. The results showed that, under low temperature stress, spraying humic acid could increase the water content of potato leaves, reduce the electrical conductivity of leaves, which could resist chilling injury; at the same time, spraying humic acid could increase the leaves, chlorophyll content, enhance the photosynthetic capacity; under low temperature stress, spraying humic acid significantly affected the potato leaves antioxidant system at seedling stage, which was manifested by increasing the potato leaves soluble protein content, improving the potato leaves, antioxidant enzyme activity, reducing the accumulation of peroxides in plants, ensuring the normal oxidation reduction potential in plants, and enhancing their cold resistance. The effect of spraying 0.6%-0.8% humic acid on growth of recovering plant was better, and the effect of spraying 0.4%-0.6% humic acid on improving the activity of leaf antioxidant system enzymes was better.

Key words: low temperature stress, potato, humic acid, soluble protein, chlorophyll, antioxidant enzyme, per oxidation substance