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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 41-51.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0706

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同有机肥对生姜生长品质及土壤性质的影响

孟嘉胥1,2(), 谢奇玕3, 李若晨3, 肖文丹2(), 叶雪珠2()   

  1. 1 浙江农林大学环境与资源学院， 杭州 311300
    2 农产品质量安全全国重点实验室/浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所， 杭州 310021
    3 武义县粮油技术推广站， 浙江金华 321200
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-18 修回日期:2026-03-25 出版日期:2026-05-25 发布日期:2026-05-27
  • 通讯作者:
    叶雪珠，女，1974年出生，浙江衢州人，研究员，硕士，研究方向：农产品质量安全与土壤污染。通信地址：310009 浙江省农业科学院二号楼环土所333室，E-mail：。
    肖文丹，女，1987年出生，湖南永州人，研究员，博士，研究方向：土壤健康研究。通信地址：310009 浙江省农业科学院二号楼环土所333室，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    孟嘉胥，女，2001年出生，山东淄博人，硕士研究生，主要从事耕地质量培育与提升。通信地址：310009 浙江省农业科学院二号楼环土所233室，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    武义县2023年耕地酸化治理项目(2023R19T70D28); 永康市2025年酸化耕地治理技术服务项目(CJCG-YK2025-ZX021)

Effect of Different Organic Fertilizers on Growth, Quality and Soil Properties of Ginger

MENG Jiaxu1,2(), XIE Qigan3, LI Ruochen3, XIAO Wendan2(), YE Xuezhu2()   

  1. 1 School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300
    2 State Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products, Institute of Environment, Resources, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021
    3 Wuyi County Grain and Oil Technology Extension Station, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321200
  • Received:2025-08-18 Revised:2026-03-25 Published:2026-05-25 Online:2026-05-27

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摘要：

筛选适宜的有机肥以改良生姜产地土壤、提升生姜产量与品质，同时探究其对降低重金属富集的作用，为构建生姜可持续生产体系、提高农业生产效能、保障农产品质量安全与环境安全提供科学依据。以武义生姜合作社基地为试验区，小黄姜(Zingiber officinale)为供试材料，设置对照组（不施有机肥）、蚕沙有机肥(2200 kg/hm2)、生物有机肥(2500 kg/hm2)、猪粪有机肥(2500 kg/hm2)4组处理，重复3次，进行田间小区试验。在生姜成熟时测定其生长、品质指标以及土壤养分、酶活性以及重金属富集含量等因素。结果表明，各有机肥处理均可显著提升土壤养分、酶活性及生姜生长、产量与品质，生物有机肥综合效应最优。与对照相比，各有机肥处理使生姜分蘖数、生姜重、干物质重、产量分别提升6.07%、10.13%、17.87%、20%；同时显著提升维生素C、多糖等营养成分含量达26.08%、18.45%，但可溶性糖含量下降。土壤改良方面，生物有机肥显著提高了土壤有机质含量达25.98%，有效磷含量达57.24%，全氮含量达18.63%，并显著提升了土壤淀粉酶活性，增幅高达103.79%。生物有机肥可有效钝化土壤有效态镍、铅、镉等重金属含量，使其含量分别降低9.52%、13.41%、20%，最终显著降低生姜中镍、铅、镉的积累量，降幅分别达46.08%、13.79%、55.56%。研究表明，生物有机肥可同步实现生姜提质增产、土壤改良及降低生姜重金属富集，是解决连作障碍的优选方案。

关键词: 生姜, 连作障碍, 有机肥, 品质, 土壤酶活性

Abstract:

The study aims to screen suitable organic fertilizers to improve soil quality in ginger fields, enhance ginger yield and quality, and investigate their role in reducing heavy metal accumulation, so as to provide a scientific basis for establishing a sustainable ginger production system, improving agricultural productivity, and ensuring the safety of agricultural products and the environment. A field plot experiment was conducted at the base of the Wuyi Ginger Cooperative, using ginger (Zingiber officinale) as the test material. Four treatments were established: a control group (no organic fertilizer), silkworm excrement organic fertilizer (2200 kg/hm2), bio-organic fertilizer (2500 kg/hm2), and pig manure organic fertilizer (2500 kg/hm2). The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. At the ginger maturity stage, we measured plant growth, quality parameters, soil nutrient content, enzyme activities, and heavy metal accumulation. The results showed that all applied organic fertilizers significantly improved soil nutrients, enzyme activities, ginger growth, yield, and quality. All organic fertilizers significantly enhanced soil nutrients, enzyme activity, and the growth, yield and quality of ginger. Among them, the bio-organic fertilizer had the best comprehensive effect. Compared with the control, it increased the tiller number, fresh weight, dry matter weight and yield of ginger by 6.07%, 10.13%, 17.87% and 20% respectively; meanwhile, it significantly increased the contents of vitamin C and polysaccharides by 26.08% and 18.45% respectively, but the content of soluble sugar decreased. In terms of soil improvement, bio-organic fertilizer significantly increased the soil organic matter content by 25.98%, the available phosphorus content by 57.24%, and the total nitrogen content by 18.63%. It also significantly enhanced the soil amylase activity by as much as 103.79%. Bio-organic fertilizer effectively passivated the content of heavy metals such as nickel, lead, and cadmium in the soil, reducing their levels by 9.52%, 13.41%, and 20% respectively. Ultimately, it significantly reduced the accumulation of nickel, lead, and cadmium in ginger by 46.08%, 13.79%, and 55.56% respectively. Bio-organic fertilizer can simultaneously achieve the improvement of ginger quality and yield, soil improvement, and the reduction of heavy metal accumulation in ginger, making it an ideal solution for addressing the problems of continuous cropping obstacles.

Key words: ginger, continuous cropping obstacle, organic fertilizer, quality, soil enzyme activity

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