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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (21): 81-87.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2026-0172

• 农学•农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物刺激素与减氮结合对设施油菜抗盐生理性状与氮养分增效的影响

杨启娟(), 卢树昌(), 郭刘明, 次旦桑吉, 张紫萱, 姚欣愉   

  1. 天津农学院农学与资源环境学院， 天津 300392
  • 收稿日期:2026-02-28 修回日期:2026-04-23 出版日期:2026-11-10 发布日期:2026-11-10
  • 通讯作者:
    卢树昌，男，1970年出生，教授，博士，从事农田土壤质量与植物营养的教学与科研工作。通信地址：300392 天津市西青区津静路22号 天津农学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    杨启娟，女，2002年出生，本科在读，从事农田土壤与作物生长环境方面的研究。通信地址：300392 天津市西青区津静路22号 天津农学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    天津市级大学生创新训练计划项目“设施盐渍化土壤生物刺激素抗盐与氮养分增效研究”(202510061188); 国家重点研发计划项目“中欧基于自然解决方案的农业营养管理国际合作”(2023YFE0104700)

Effects of Soil Biostimulants and Nitrogen Reduction on Salt-resistant Physiological Traits and Nitrogen Nutrient Enhancement of Facilities Rapeseed

YANG Qijuan(), LU Shuchang(), GUO Liuming, CIDAN Sangji, ZHANG Zixuan, YAO Xinyu   

  1. College of Agronomy and Resources Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392
  • Received:2026-02-28 Revised:2026-04-23 Published:2026-11-10 Online:2026-11-10

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摘要：

为了解决设施土壤盐渍化与氮肥利用效率低下的问题，本研究通过盆栽试验，设计8个处理：T1（常规施氮量）、T2（常规施氮量减施15%）、T3（常规施氮量减施30%）、T4（常规施氮量减施100%）、T5（生物刺激素+常规施氮量）、T6（生物刺激素+常规施氮量减施15%）、T7（生物刺激素+常规施氮量减施30%）、T8（生物刺激素+常规施氮量减施100%），研究生物刺激素与减氮措施结合对油菜抗盐生理性状与氮素增效的影响。结果表明，生物刺激素与减氮策略的结合可显著提升油菜的抗盐能力与氮肥利用效率。其中T6处理（生物刺激素+减氮15%）表现出最优效果，该处理下油菜的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性达到最高(519.66 U/g)，同时产量、干物质积累量及吸氮量均达到最高，分别为202.90、60.87、1.51 g/盆。此外，T6处理的氮肥偏生产力(533.95 g/g)和农学效率(103.68 g/g)均达到最优，氮肥利用效率显著提升，实现了“减氮不减产”的目标。在土壤含盐量方面，施加生物刺激素与否未产生显著差异。与单一减氮处理相比，生物刺激素的添加可通过增强抗氧化酶系统、优化土壤碳氮平衡，增强氮素的有效利用。研究结果为设施盐化农田的氮素增效管理提供了科学依据，并为设施农业的绿色可持续发展奠定了基础。

关键词: 设施盐渍化, 生物刺激素, 减氮, 氮增效, 抗盐

Abstract:

To address the issues of soil salinization in facilities and low efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer, pot experiments were conducted with eight treatments, including T1 (conventional nitrogen application), T2 (conventional nitrogen application with 15% reduction), T3 (conventional nitrogen application with 30% reduction), T4 (conventional nitrogen application with 100% reduction), T5 (biostimulant + conventional nitrogen application), T6 (biostimulant + conventional nitrogen application with 15% reduction), T7 (biostimulant + conventional nitrogen application with 30% reduction), and T8 (biostimulant + conventional nitrogen application with 100% reduction). The combined effects of biostimulants and nitrogen reduction on the salt tolerance traits and nitrogen utilization efficiency of rapeseed were studied. The research results demonstrated that the combination of biostimulants and nitrogen reduction significantly enhanced rapeseed salt tolerance and nitrogen utilization efficiency. The T6 treatment (biostimulant + 15% nitrogen reduction) showed optimal performance, with rapeseed superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity reaching 519.66 U/g, while yield, dry matter accumulation, and nitrogen uptake were the highest among all treatments (202.90 g/pot, 60.87 g/pot, and 1.51 g/pot, respectively). This treatment also exhibited the highest nitrogen productivity (533.95 g/g) and agronomic efficiency (103.68 g/g), achieving the goal of “nitrogen reduction without yield loss”. No significant difference was observed between treatments with and without biostimulants in soil salinity. Compared to nitrogen reduction alone, biostimulants enhanced nitrogen utilization by strengthening the antioxidant enzyme system and optimizing soil carbon-nitrogen balance. These findings provide a scientific basis for nitrogen efficiency improvement in saline-affected protected farmland and promote the green, sustainable development of greenhouse agriculture.

Key words: greenhouse soils salinization, biostimulant, nitrogen reduction, nitrogen efficiency enhancement, salt-resistant

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