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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 187-194.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0563

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

宁南山区旱作玉米-大豆带状复合种植田除草剂的筛选应用

柴军发1(), 宋双1, 吕建东2, 张怡1()   

  1. 1 宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所, 银川 750002
    2 宁夏中卫市沙坡头区农业技术推广服务中心, 宁夏中卫 755000
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-03 修回日期:2025-12-25 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-03-30
  • 通讯作者:
    张怡,男,1968年出生,宁夏银川人,研究员,硕士,主要从事农林病虫害研究。E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    柴军发,男,1996年出生,甘肃庆阳人,研究实习员,硕士,研究方向:农田杂草防治。通信地址:750002 宁夏银川市黄河东路590号,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    宁夏农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目“恶性杂草抗药性监测及除草剂安全使用技术研究与示范”(NGSB-2021-10-03); 宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金“外来入侵植物刺苍耳根系分泌物介导下土壤-微生物互作关系研究”(2024AAC03382)

Screening and Application of Herbicides in Dryland Maize-Soybean Belt Compound Planting Field in Mountainous Area of Southern Ningxia

CHAI Junfa1(), SONG Shuang1, LYU Jiandong2, ZHANG Yi1()   

  1. 1 Institute of Plant Protection, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002
    2 Shapotou District Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Zhongwei, Ningxia 755000
  • Received:2025-07-03 Revised:2025-12-25 Published:2026-03-25 Online:2026-03-30

摘要:

本研究旨在筛选适用于玉米-大豆带状复合种植田的土壤处理和茎叶喷雾除草剂。以‘先玉1225’、‘铁丰31’为试验材料,通过整株生测法评估了19种除草剂对玉米和大豆田间杂草的防治效果和安全性。结果表明:在推荐剂量处理下,玉米-大豆带状复合种植田土壤处理中,精异丙甲草胺+噻吩磺隆的综合防治效果最佳,杂草株防效可达到83.66%,鲜重防效达到91.67%。茎叶喷雾处理中,烯草酮+灭草松+三氟羧草醚复配对大豆田杂草的防效最佳,株防效为92.19%,鲜重防效为88.47%;硝·烟·莠去津+氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯和环磺酮·莠去津对玉米田的杂草防效显著,株防效分别达到95.08%、94.1%,鲜重防效分别达到97.98%、91.29%。因此,精异丙甲草胺+噻吩磺隆适合玉米-大豆间作田的苗前封闭处理;烯草酮+灭草松+三氟羧草醚适合大豆田茎叶喷雾;硝·烟·莠去津+氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯和环磺酮·莠去津适合玉米田茎叶喷雾。这些除草剂对大豆、玉米的生长均无明显影响,具有推广应用潜力。

关键词: 玉米-大豆, 土壤封闭, 茎叶喷雾, 除草剂

Abstract:

In order to screen suitable soil and stem-leaf spraying herbicides for maize-soybean strip intercropping, taking 'Xianyu 1225' and 'Tiefeng 31' as materials, the control effect and safety of 19 herbicides on weeds in maize and soybean fields were determined by the whole plant bioassay method. The results showed that under the recommended dose treatment, the control effect of s-metolachlor+thifensulfuron-methyl was the best in the soil applied treatment of maize-soybean strip composite planting field. The total plant control effect could reach 83.66%, and the fresh weight control effect could reach 91.67%. In the stem and leaf spraying treatment, the combination of clethodim+bentazone+acifluorfen had the best control effect on weeds in soybean field, with the plant control effect of 92.19% and the fresh weight control effect of 88.47%. The control effects of mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine+fluroxypyr-meptyl and tembotrione·atrazine on weeds in corn fields were better. The plant control effects were 95.08% and 94.1%, and the fresh weight control effects were 97.98% and 91.29%. Therefore, s-metolachlor+thifensulfuron-methyl, clethodim+bentazone+acifluorfen, mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine+fluroxypyr-meptyl and tembotrione·atrazine can be used for pre-emergence soil surface in maize-soybean intercropping field, soybean stem and leaf spray and maize stem and leaf spray. These herbicides have no significant effect on the growth of soybean and corn, and have the potential for popularization and application.

Key words: maize-soybean, soil surface, stem and leaf spray, herbicide