欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (18): 194-199.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15010054

所属专题： 现代农业发展与乡村振兴； 玉米； 农业气象

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

河套灌区玉米生长农业气候条件适应性研究

李思慧1,2,赵慧颖3,赵春亮4,赵 放3   

  1. (1内蒙古生态与农业气象中心,呼和浩特 010051；2内蒙古通辽市气象局,内蒙古通辽 028000；3黑龙江省气象科学研究所,哈尔滨 150030；4赤峰市敖汉旗气象局,内蒙古赤峰 026000）
  • 收稿日期:2015-01-09 修回日期:2015-03-24 接受日期:2015-04-10 出版日期:2015-07-27 发布日期:2015-07-27
  • 通讯作者: 赵慧颖
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业（气象）科研专项“河套灌区主要农作物农业气象预评估技术研究”(GYHY201206021)。

Research on Agricultural Climate Adaptability of Maize Growth in Hetao Irrigation Area

Li Sihui1,2, Zhao Huiying3, Zhao Chunliang4, Zhao Fang3   

  1. (1Inner Mongolia Ecology and Agrometeorology Center, Hohhot 010051;2Meteorological Bureau of Tongliao City, Tongliao Inner Mongolia 028000; 3Heilongjiang Institute of Meteorological Science, Harbin 150030;4Meteorological Bureau of Aohan Banner, Chifeng Inner Mongolia 026000)
  • Received:2015-01-09 Revised:2015-03-24 Accepted:2015-04-10 Online:2015-07-27 Published:2015-07-27

PDF (PC)

528

摘要： 根据河套灌区临河、乌拉特前旗、准格尔旗及土默特左旗4个站点1984—2011年生长发育期观测数据，1981—2010年逐日平均气温、最高气温、最低气温、日照时数等气象资料和玉米产量资料，利用相关统计分析建立发育期时长、气象因子与玉米产量之间的相互关系，对河套灌区玉米农业气候条件进行了分析与诊断，得出结论玉米高产与当地适宜的气候条件是分不开的。同时运用多元积分回归的方法，对河套灌区玉米生长农业气候条件适应性进行了综合评价，确定了河套灌区玉米不同生长发育阶段的气温、日照对产量的影响效应，分析表明：4月下旬—5月上旬、7月中旬—9月上旬是玉米对热量需求的2个关键阶段，此时光照条件基本满足生长需求，而气温略高并占主导地位；5月中旬—6月下旬、9月上旬—9月下旬2个阶段日照时数对玉米产量的影响呈正效应，在历年均值的基础上，每增加一个气象单位，玉米分别增产2.6、4.1 kg/(hm2·h)。

关键词: 海洋微生物, 海洋微生物, 生物农药, 农作物, 病虫害

Abstract: Based on the method of statistical analysis, the author established the correlation of growth period length, meteorological factors and maize yield by using the observation data of daily mean temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, sunshine duration and maize yield in the growth and development stages from 1984 to 2011 of 4 observation stations, including Linhe in Hetao irrigated area, Urad Front Banner, Jungar Banner and Tumed Left Banner. The results showed that there was a strong relationship between maize high yield and the local appropriate weather conditions. Moreover, comprehensive assessment of agricultural climate adaptability of maize growth in Hetao irrigated area was conducted by the method of multiple integral regression, the effects of temperature and sunshine duration on yield were confirmed. The results showed that late April to early May and middle of July to early September were 2 key stages of heat demand. The light condition could satisfy the needs of growth, while temperature was slightly high and played a dominant role. Sunshine condition had a positive effect on maize yield from middle of May to late June and in whole September. When the amount of sunshine duration increased 1 hour, the yield of maize increased 2.6 kg/(hm2·h) and 4.1 kg/(hm2·h).