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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (25): 1-10.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0680

所属专题: 水稻

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

晚稻全生育期Cd的迁移转化规律及预测模型研究

杨国航1,2(), 李琼1,2(), 和利钊1,2, 顾静1,2(), 牛婧1,2, 张海欧1,2, 郑子健1,2, 赵振1,2   

  1. 1广西博世科环保科技股份有限公司,南宁 530007
    2北京博世科环保科技有限公司,北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-20 修回日期:2021-04-21 出版日期:2021-09-05 发布日期:2021-09-23
  • 通讯作者: 李琼,顾静
  • 作者简介:杨国航,女,1991年出生,山东济宁人,研究生,主要从事重金属污染土壤修复研究。通信地址:100101 北京市朝阳区安立路80号 广西博世科环保科技股份有限公司/北京博世科环保科技有限公司,Tel:010-59636049-815,E-mail: yangguohang888@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    广西省重点研发计划项目“典型硫化物矿区土壤重金属污染地球化学工程修复技术与防控示范”(桂科AB18281002);广西省崇左市科技专项资金项目“多金属复合污染农田安全利用技术集成与示范”(崇科FC2019002)

Study on the Migration, Transformation and Prediction Model of Cadmium in the Whole Growth Stage of Late Rice

Yang Guohang1,2(), Li Qiong1,2(), He Lizhao1,2, Gu Jing1,2(), Niu Jing1,2, Zhang Haiou1,2, Zheng Zijian1,2, Zhao Zhen1,2   

  1. 1Guangxi Bossco Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Nanning 530007
    2Beijing Bossco Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100101
  • Received:2020-11-20 Revised:2021-04-21 Online:2021-09-05 Published:2021-09-23
  • Contact: Li Qiong,Gu Jing

摘要:

为探讨晚稻全生育期Cd的迁移转化规律及预测模型,采用长沙市望城区大田试验土壤-水稻Cd点对点数据,对水稻4个典型生育期(苗期、分蘖期、灌浆期和成熟期)及不同部位(根、茎叶及籽粒)Cd的吸收、累积和分配差异进行研究。结果表明,同一生育期各部位Cd含量和富集能力均为根>茎叶>籽粒,且根部明显高于其他部位,不同生育期差异显著,具体为成熟期>灌浆期>分蘖期>苗期;Cd转运能力为土-根>根-茎叶>茎叶-籽粒>根-籽粒,籽粒Cd大部分来自于茎叶的转移,且分蘖期转运能力显著高于其余生育期;Cd积累量和分配差异为茎叶>根>籽粒,且分蘖期和成熟期远大于苗期和灌浆期;土壤pH和有效态镉(ACd)含量是影响水稻Cd吸收的主控因子,pH为负效应,有效态镉为正效应,分蘖期茎叶Cd含量受其影响最大,是控制Cd进入籽粒的关键时期。可利用分蘖期土壤pH和有效态镉含量预测成熟期籽粒Cd含量,最优预测模型为lgCd成熟期籽粒=0.158-0.099pH分蘖期+0.261lgACd分蘖期。研究结果可为中国长株潭地区稻田土壤Cd污染风险评估和管控提供理论依据和数据支撑。

关键词: 晚稻, 生育期, 镉, 迁移转化, 土壤理化性质, 预测模型

Abstract:

To better understand the migration, transformation and prediction model of cadmium (Cd) in the whole growth stage of late rice, we used soil-rice point-to-point data of Cd in field test in Wangcheng Changsha to study the differences of absorption, accumulation and distribution of Cd in different parts (root, stem and leaf, grain) of rice and its four typical growth stages (seedling stage, tillering stage, filling stage and mature stage). The results indicate that the Cd content and enrichment ability of each part in the same growth stage are all the roots> stems and leaves> grains, and the Cd content in roots are significantly higher than that in other parts, and there are significant differences in different growth stages, namely mature stage> filling stage> tillering stage> seedling stage. The transport capacity of Cd is soil root> root-stem and leaf> stem and leaf-grain> root-grain, most of the Cd in grain is from the transfer of the stem and leaf, and the transport capacity of Cd in tillering stage is significantly higher than that in other stages. The accumulation and distribution differences of Cd are stem and leaf> root> grain, and the tillering stage and mature stage are much higher than seedling stage and filling stage. The main factors affecting the Cd absorption are soil pH and available cadmium (ACd) content, pH has a negative effect and available cadmium has a positive effect, and the Cd content in stems and leaves of tillering stage is most affected by them, therefore it is the key stage to control Cd into grain. The pH and available cadmium in tillering stage could be used to predict Cd content of grains in mature stage, and the optimal prediction model is lgCdthe grain in maturity stage= 0.158- 0.099pHtillering stage+ 0.261lgACdtillering stage. The research results could provide a theoretical basis and data support for the risk assessment and controlling of soil Cd pollution in rice fields in Changzhutan area of China.

Key words: late rice, growth stage, cadmium, migration and transformation, physical and chemical properties of soil, prediction model

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