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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (27): 45-52.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0294

所属专题： 资源与环境

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

优异甜菜种质资源筛选评价

陈丽1,2,3(), 赵春雷1,2,3, 李彦丽1,2,3, 王希1,2,3(), 崔平1,2,3   

  1. 1黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院/中国农业科学院甜菜研究所,哈尔滨 150080
    2黑龙江省普通高等学校甜菜遗传育种重点实验室/黑龙江省甜菜工程技术研究中心,哈尔滨 150080
    3国家糖料改良中心/中国农业科学院北方糖料作物资源与利用重点开放实验室,哈尔滨 150080
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-22 修回日期:2021-05-13 出版日期:2021-09-25 发布日期:2021-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 王希
  • 作者简介:陈丽,女,1958年出生,黑龙江勃利人,研究员,学士,研究方向：甜菜遗传育种。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,Tel：0451-57314864,E-mail： caaschenli@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业技术体系(甜菜)建设专项“甜菜种质资源评价”(CARS-210101);财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系“甜菜种质资源收集与评价”(CARS-170102);博士后研究人员落户黑龙江科研启动资助金“甜菜分子标记开发与重要性状相关标记的筛选”(LBH–Q18108)

Excellent Beta vulgaris Germplasm Resources: Screening and Evaluation

Chen Li1,2,3(), Zhao Chunlei1,2,3, Li Yanli1,2,3, Wang Xi1,2,3(), Cui Ping1,2,3   

  1. 1College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment of Heilongjiang University/Sugar Beet Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150080
    2The Key Laboratory of Sugar Beet Genetic Breeding, Colleges of Heilongjiang Province/Sugar beet Engineering Research Center of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150080
    3National Sugar Crops Improvement Center/Key Laboratory of North Sugar Crop Resource and Utilization, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150080
  • Received:2021-03-22 Revised:2021-05-13 Online:2021-09-25 Published:2021-10-28
  • Contact: Wang Xi

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摘要：

旨在筛选评价优异的甜菜种质资源,为在育种上科学利用提供可靠信息支撑。本研究对277份甜菜种质资源的块根产量、含糖率、有害性非糖分以及主要病害抗性等8个主要性状的试验数据,按规范标准进行分组划类,分别对各类型种质资源进行筛选与评价。筛选出块根产量52 t/hm2以上的高产型种质资源37份,含糖率17%以上高糖型88份。其中,高产高糖型4份、高产中糖型的21份、中产高糖型的72份。种质资源中有害性非糖分：钾含量低于3.79 mmol/100 g的25份、钠含量低于2.00 mmol/100 g的96份,α-N低于4.76 mmol/100 g的49份,其中,低钾、低钠含量的4份,低钾、低α-N含量的4份,低钠、低α-N含量的20份,低钾、低钠、低α-N含量的3份。参试种质资源中具有高抗褐斑病兼中抗立枯病的种质资源10份,高抗褐斑病兼抗根腐病的5份,抗褐斑病兼中抗立枯病的14份,抗褐斑病兼抗根腐病的5份、抗褐斑病兼中抗根腐病的3份。结果表明,现有甜菜种质资源中高产型较少、高糖型的比较丰富;抗褐斑病种质资源较多,抗立枯病和抗根腐病的数量少并且抗性级别低。

关键词: 甜菜, 优异种质, 筛选, 评价, 块根产量, 含糖率, 有害性非糖分, 抗病性

Abstract:

This study aims at screening and evaluating excellent Beta vulgaris (sugar beet) germplasms, and providing reliable information for their scientific application in breeding. 277 sugar beet germplasms were divided based on eight main traits including root yield, sugar content, harmful non-sugar substances and main diseases’ resistance. The germplasms were screened and evaluated. 37 high yield type germplasms with beet yield over 52 t/hm2 were screened out, as well as 88 high sugar type germplasms with sugar content over 17% were selected, out of which there were 4 high-yield and high-sugar ones, 21 high-yield and medium-sugar ones and 72 medium-yield and high-sugar ones. Harmful non-sugar substances of these germplasms were analyzed, resulted in 25 germplasms of low potassium (K) content (less than 3.79 mmol/100g), 96 of low sodium (Na) (less than 2.00 mmol/100g), and 49 of low α-nitrogen (α-N) (less than 4.76 mmol/100g). Among these germplasms, there were 4 with low content in both K and Na, 4 of low K and α-N content, 20 of low Na and α-N content, and 3 germplasms which were low in all the three harmful non-sugar substances. 10 germplasms were found to be highly resistant to Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) and moderately resistant to damping-off, 5 were highly resistant to CLS and resistant to root rot, 14 were resistant to CLS and moderately resistant to damping-off, 5 were resistant to both CLS and root rot, and 3 were resistant to CLS and moderately resistant to root rot. These results suggest that among current sugar beet germplasms, normal or high yield type ones are insufficient, while high sugar type ones are abundant; germplasms are sufficient in CLS resistance, while inadequate in damping-off and root rot resistance, and with flat resistant levels.

Key words: Beta vulgaris (sugar beet), excellent germplasm, screening, evaluation, root yield, sugar content, harmful non-sugar substances, disease resistance

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