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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (33): 88-97.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0015

所属专题: 园艺

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

茶园土壤真菌群落组成及影响因素研究

万人源1(), 马会杰2, 蒋宾3, 杨丽冉3, 周大鹏1, 和明珠1, 杨广容1()   

  1. 1云南农业大学茶学院,昆明 650201
    2恩施州农业科学院,湖北恩施 445000
    3宜宾职业技术学院,四川宜宾 644003
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-07 修回日期:2021-04-03 出版日期:2021-11-25 发布日期:2022-01-06
  • 通讯作者: 杨广容
  • 作者简介:万人源,男,1998年出生,云南楚雄人,硕士研究生,研究方向:茶树栽培生理生态。通信地址:650201 云南省昆明市盘龙区云南农业大学茶学院,E-mail: 984642624@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“云南古茶园土壤微生物多样性的宏基因组学研究”(31660225);“坡耕地红壤主要农作物根系固土抗蚀生物力学特性研究”(41461059)

The Fungi Community Structure and Influencing Factors in Tea Gardens Soil

Wan Renyuan1(), Ma Huijie2, Jiang Bin3, Yang Liran3, Zhou Dapeng1, He Mingzhu1, Yang Guangrong1()   

  1. 1College of Longrun Pu-erh Tea, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201
    2Enshi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi Hubei 445000
    3Yibin Vocational and Technical College, Yibin Sichuan 644003
  • Received:2021-01-07 Revised:2021-04-03 Online:2021-11-25 Published:2022-01-06
  • Contact: Yang Guangrong

摘要:

茶园土壤真菌群落多样性是评价茶园土壤环境质量与健康的重要依据。以代表性古茶山森林、现代茶园和古茶园土壤为研究对象,采用Illumina平台Hiseq 2500高通量测序技术,对真菌18S rDNA区段测序,结合土壤养分水平分析,探究不同类型土壤真菌群落组成及其与养分状况的关联性。结果表明:子囊菌、担子菌、接合菌、壶菌和球囊菌5个门的相对丰度占真菌群落的97.17%~99.67%,CryptococcusArchaeorhizomycesMortierella 3个属在森林和茶园土壤中分布广泛;土壤真菌群落多样性和丰度与土壤pH、C:N和Olsen-P的相关性明显高于有机质、碱解氮和有效钾;茶园土壤真菌数量和多样性优于森林土壤;属最佳分类水平上,森林土壤优势群落HannaellaTrichodermaAlternariaHerpotrichiellaceaeRussulaMembranomycesGliocladiopsisPenicillium等丰度与土壤C:N含量呈显著正相关关系,茶园土壤优势群落:CryptococcusArchaeorhizomycesFusariumExophialaMortierellaMetarhizium等丰度与土壤pH、有机质、碱解氮、有效钾和Olsen-P呈显著正相关关系。茶树种植及年限和不同茶山土壤pH及碳氮磷钾养分状况与茶园土壤真菌群落结构及多样性关系密切。

关键词: 茶园土壤, 真菌群落, 高通量测序, 土壤养分, 冗余度分析

Abstract:

The diversity of soil fungi communities is an important basis for evaluating the environmental quality and health of tea gardens. Soils from representative ancient tea mountain forests, modern tea gardens and ancient tea gardens were studied by using Illumina platform Hiseq 2500 high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze 18S rDNA of fungi. And combined with soil nutrient level analysis, we explored the correlation of soil fungi community diversity with nutrient status. The results show that the relative abundance of the five phyla of Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Zygomycetes, Chytridiomycota and Glomeromycotina account for 97.17%-99.67% of the fungi community. Cryptococcus, Archaeorhizomyces and Mortierella are widely distributed in forest and tea garden soils. The diversity and abundance of soil fungi communities have significantly higher correlations with soil pH, C:N and Olsen-P than that of organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium; the numbers and diversity of fungi in tea garden soil are better than that of forest soil; at the optimal classification level, the abundances of forest soil dominant communities such as Hannaella, Trichoderma, Alternaria, Herbrichiellaceae, Russula, Membranomyces, Gliocladiopsis, Penicillium, etc. are significantly and positively correlated with the ratio of carbon to nitrogen in soil. Tea garden soil dominant communities: Cryptococcus, Archaeorhizomyces, Fusarium, Exophiala, Mortierella and Metarhizium are significantly and positively correlated with soil pH, organic matter, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available potassium and Olsen-P. This study reveals the close relationship between the plantation and cultivated age of tea plant, the soil pH of different tea mountains, and the nutrient status of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with the fungi community structure and diversity of tea garden soils.

Key words: tea garden soil, fungi community, high-throughput sequencing, soil nutrients, redundancy analysis

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