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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (8): 72-80.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0533

所属专题: 生物技术 园艺

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

海南省水果型椰子园土壤养分调查与评价

卢丽兰1(), 王玉萍1, 尹欣幸1, 黄英凯2, 范海阔1()   

  1. 1中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所,海南省热带油料作物生物学重点实验室,海南文昌 571339
    2海南雨林椰创科技开发有限公司,海南文昌 571339
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-18 修回日期:2021-08-16 出版日期:2022-03-15 发布日期:2022-04-06
  • 通讯作者: 范海阔
  • 作者简介:卢丽兰,女,1981年出生,海南海口人,副研究员,博士,研究方向:热带油料作物栽培与植物营养。通信地址:571339 海南省文昌市文清大道496号,Tel:0898-063330765,E-mail: lulilan1234@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    海南省重大科技计划项目“海南省水果型椰子标准化生产与高值化加工技术研究与示范”(zdkj201902)

Investigation and Evaluation of Soil Nutrients in Fruit Coconut Orchards in Hainan Province

LU Lilan1(), WANG Yuping1, YIN Xinxing1, HUANG Yingkai2, FAN Haikuo1()   

  1. 1Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan 571339
    2Hainan Yulin Yechuang Technology Development Co., Ltd., Wenchang, Hainan 571339
  • Received:2021-05-18 Revised:2021-08-16 Online:2022-03-15 Published:2022-04-06
  • Contact: FAN Haikuo

摘要:

通过调查海南省主要椰子园土壤养分状况,并评价土壤肥力,为掌握海南省椰子种植区土壤养分状况以及合理、科学施肥管理提供依据。采集海南省北部(海口)、东部(文昌),南部(三亚、陵水)、中部(琼中、屯昌)、西部(昌江)等市县的椰子种植园表层(20 cm)土壤样品,测定土壤养分,并进行相关和差异显著性分析。研究结果显示:大部分调查样点土壤偏酸性;椰子土壤的有机质、氮磷钾、钙镁等养分含量较高的为海南省中北部,但滨海地区有机质、氮磷钾含量较低,尤其是文昌地区的;调查样点土壤不缺乏铜、锌、铁3种微量元素;然而,所有调查海南省样点土壤均存在缺硼现象。通过合理和科学施肥和栽培措施,提高滨海地区如三亚、陵水、文昌市等地土壤肥力水平和保肥能力,以满足该地区的椰子生长和发育的需要;另外,应重视施用硼肥,以改善海南省椰子园缺硼现状。

关键词: 海南省, 椰子, 隶属度函数, 土壤肥力, 土壤质量评价

Abstract:

By investigating the soil nutrient status of main coconut orchards in Hainan Province and evaluating the soil fertility, the study aims to provide a basis for understanding the soil nutrient status of the coconut planting areas and the fertilization management in the province. Collecting the surface soil (20 cm) of coconut plantations in the northern (Haikou), eastern (Wenchang), southern (Sanya, Lingshui), central (Qiongzhong, Tunchang) and western (Changjiang) of Hainan, we determined soil nutrients and performed correlation and difference significance analysis. The results show that the pH of most survey sites is acidic; the coconut soil has high organic matter, NPK, calcium and magnesium content in central and northern Hainan, but low organic matter and NPK content in the coastal areas, especially in Wenchang. The three trace elements of copper, zinc and iron are not deficient in the survey samples; however, all the soil samples are deficient in B content. Through suitable fertilization and cultivation measures, the soil fertility level and fertility retention capacity of coastal areas in Hainan, such as Sanya, Lingshui, Wenchang and other places, could be improved to meet the needs of coconut growth and development; in addition, the application of B fertilizer should be enhanced in coconut orchards in Hainan Province.

Key words: Hainan, coconut, membership function, soil fertility, soil quality evaluation

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