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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 16-25.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0621

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

种植方式对寒地水稻抗倒伏性状的影响

张喜娟1,2(), 王文龙1, 孟英1,2, 唐傲1,2, 董文军1,2, 刘猷红1,2, 徐英哲1, 王立志1, 姜树坤2,3, 杨贤莉1,2, 刘凯2,4, 姜辉4, 任洋4, 来永才2,4()   

  1. 1 黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所/黑龙江省寒地作物生理生态重点实验室/黑龙江省农作物低温冷害工程技术研究中心，哈尔滨 150086
    2 国家耐盐碱水稻技术创新中心东北分中心，哈尔滨 150028
    3 黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院，齐齐哈尔 161006
    4 黑龙江省农业科学院，哈尔滨 150086
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-28 修回日期:2022-10-27 出版日期:2024-01-17 发布日期:2024-01-17
  • 通讯作者:
    来永才，男，1964年出生，黑龙江铁力人，研究员，研究生，博士，主要从事寒地农作物耕作、栽培技术与生理基础方面研究。通信地址：150086 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路368号 黑龙江省农业科学院，Tel：0451-51127876，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    张喜娟，女，1981年出生，内蒙古赤峰人，研究员，研究生，博士，主要从事寒地水稻栽培技术与生理基础方面研究。通信地址：150086黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路368号 黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所，Tel：0451-51127876，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省自然科学基金项目“旱直播对寒地水稻生长发育、产量和品质的影响与机制”(LH2020C098); 国家重点研发计划课题“东北粳稻产量与效率层次差异形成机制与丰产增效途径”(2016YFD0300104); 黑龙江省农业科学院院级科研项目“寒地粳稻直播栽培与插秧栽培的产量差异及形成机制研究”(2020JCQN001)

Effects of Planting Methods on Lodging Resistance of Rice in Cold Area

ZHANG Xijuan1,2(), WANG Wenlong1, MENG Ying1,2, TANG Ao1,2, DONG Wenjun1,2, LIU Youhong1,2, XU Yingzhe1, WAN Lizhi1, JIANG Shukun2,3, YANG Xianli1,2, LIU Kai2,4, JIANG Hui4, REN Yang4, LAI Yongcai2,4()   

  1. 1 Institute of Tillage and Cultivation for Crops, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Cold Region/Heilongjiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Crop Cold Damage, Harbin 150086
    2 Northeast Branch of National Saline-Alkali Rice Technology Innovation Center, Harbin 150028
    3 Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006
    4 Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086
  • Received:2022-07-28 Revised:2022-10-27 Published-:2024-01-17 Online:2024-01-17

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摘要：

为了探索不同种植方式对寒地水稻抗倒伏能力的影响，以‘龙粳21’和‘龙稻18’为试材，比较研究了水直播、旱直播和插秧栽培模式下水稻的抗倒伏特性。种植方式对寒地水稻的抗倒伏特性有显著影响，但两品种表现不一致。其中，‘龙粳21’N1至N4节间的倒伏指数为插秧>水直播>旱直播，单茎抗推力为旱直播>插秧>水直播。‘龙稻18’N1、N3和N4节间的倒伏指数为插秧>旱直播>水直播，N2节间为旱直播>插秧>水直播，单茎抗推力均为水直播>插秧>旱直播。相关分析表明，提高寒地水稻抗倒伏能力应适当降低株高、重心高度和N1、N2节间的长度，不宜攻大穗。在寒地稻区，通过选择适宜的品种及合理地构建多穗和小穗的群体结构，既利于直播稻获得较高的产量，也有利于提高抗倒伏性。

关键词: 寒地, 水稻, 种植方式, 倒伏指数, 单茎抗推力

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of different planting methods on the lodging resistance of rice in cold area, the lodging resistance characteristics of two rice varieties, ‘Longjing 21’ and ‘Longdao 18’, were studied under water direct seeding method, dry direct seeding method, and transplanting method. The planting methods influenced the lodging resistance characteristics of rice significantly in the cold region, but the performances of the two varieties were inconsistent. The lodging index of N1, N2, N3, and N4 internodes of ‘Longjing 21’ was transplanting > water direct seeding > dry direct seeding. The single stem thrust resistance of N1, N2, N3, and N4 internodes of ‘Longjing 21’ was dry direct seeding > transplanting > water direct seeding. The lodging index of N1, N3, and N4 internodes of ‘Longdao 18’ was transplanting > dry direct seeding > water direct seeding, whereas the lodging index of N2 internode was dry direct seeding > transplanting > water direct seeding. The single stem thrust resistance of N1, N2, N3, and N4 internodes of ‘Longdao 18’ was water direct seeding > transplanting > dry direct seeding. Correlation analysis revealed that the plant height, the gravity center height, and the length of N1 and N2 internodes should be reduced appropriately to increase rice lodging resistance in cold areas. The large panicle population structure should not be selected. These results suggested that the selection of suitable varieties combined with the establishing of numerous and small panicle population structure could lead to higher yield and better lodging resistance of direct seeding rice in cold area.

Key words: cold area, rice, planting method, lodging index, single stem thrust resistance