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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (35): 81-86.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-1000

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

化肥减施配合有机肥与混播比例对高寒地区燕麦+箭筈豌豆牧草生产性能的影响

仁增旺堆()   

  1. 西藏自治区农牧科学院草业科学研究所,拉萨 850000
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-28 修回日期:2023-01-19 出版日期:2023-12-11 发布日期:2023-12-11
  • 作者简介:

    仁增旺堆,男,1986年出生,西藏山南人,畜牧师,本科,主要从事牧草栽培研究。通信地址:850000 西藏自治区农牧科学院草业科学研究所 西藏拉萨市城关区金珠西路西藏农业科技创新园,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题“西藏高寒牧区饲草产业提质增效关键技术研究与示范”(2021YFD1000304); 西藏草业时空拓展技术模式创新与示范(XZ202101ZD003N)

Effects of Fertilizer Reduction Combined with Organic Fertilizer and Mixed Sowing Ratio on Forage Value of Avena sativa + Vicia sativa in Alpine Region

RENZENG Wangdui()   

  1. Institute of Pratacultural Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850000
  • Received:2022-11-28 Revised:2023-01-19 Published-:2023-12-11 Online:2023-12-11

摘要:

针对高寒地区燕麦传统种植模式存在的问题,本研究设计了6个混播比例4种施肥模式,对燕麦+箭筈豌豆混播草地的鲜草产量、干草产量、株高、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维8个指标进行测定,并应用灰色关联度方法综合评价混播草地的生产性能。结果表明:燕麦与箭筈豌豆混播的最佳比例为6:4,此比例与燕麦单播相比,粗蛋白提高了60%,粗脂肪提高了36.4%,而产量并没有显著降低;化肥减施50%+50%有机肥时,能使混播草地高产稳产,提高牧草营养品质,与不施肥相比,干草产量提高61.13%,粗蛋白提高23.9%;生物有机肥可以起到替代化肥的作用;施肥与混播比例存在交互作用,化肥减施50%+50%有机肥、燕麦与箭筈豌豆6:4混播时综合评价最好,适宜在日喀则地区种植推广。

关键词: 化肥减施, 有机肥, 燕麦, 箭筈豌豆, 高寒地区

Abstract:

In this study, 6 mixed ratios and 4 kinds of fertilization models were designed, and the main objective was to solve the problems existing in the traditional oat planting mode in the alpine region. The fresh forage yield, hay forage yield, plant height, crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude ash, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid washing fiber (ADF) of Avena sativa + Vicia sativa mixed grassland were determined, the grey correlation degree was used to evaluate the performance of mixed grassland. The results showed that the optimal ratio of Avena sativa + Vicia sativa was 6:4. Compared with oat monoculture, the crude protein and ether extract with the above ratio increased by 60 % and 36.4 % respectively, while the yield did not significantly decrease. When 50% fertilizer was subtituted by organic fertilizer, the yield of hay increased by 61.13%, and the crude protein increased by 23.9%. Bio-organic fertilizers could act as an alternative to chemical fertilizers. There was an interaction between fertilization and mixed sowing ratio. The comprehensive evaluation was the best under the conditions of 50% fertilizer reduction+50% organic fertilizer, mixed sowing ratio of Avena sativa and Vicia sativa at 6:4, which was suitable for planting and popularization in Xigaze region.

Key words: fertilizer reduction, organic fertilizer, Avena sativa, Vicia sativa, alpine region