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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (17): 31-37.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0551

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

大茎野生种正反交后代的蔗茎纤维组分和力学性能差异分析

俞华先1,2(), 赵培方1,2, 安汝东1,2(), 董立华1,2, 桃联安1,2, 经艳芬1,2, 郎荣斌1,2, 边芯1,2, 张钰1,2, 张革民3, 张保青3, 杨翠芳3   

  1. 1 热带作物生物育种全国重点实验室，昆明 650205
    2 云南省甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室/云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所，云南开远 661699
    3 广西农业科学院甘蔗研究所/广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室，南宁 530000
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-02 修回日期:2024-12-15 出版日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2025-06-15
  • 通讯作者:
    安汝东，男，1978年出生，云南昆明人，副研究员，学士，研究方向：甘蔗遗传育种。通信地址：678600 云南省德宏州瑞丽市目瑙路祥瑞巷3号 甘蔗育种站，Tel：0692-4141824，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    俞华先，男，1984年出生，云南曲靖人，助理研究员，硕士，研究方向：甘蔗抗逆遗传育种。通信地址：678600 云南省德宏州瑞丽市目瑙路祥瑞巷3号 甘蔗育种站，Tel：0692-4144319，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“广西高糖高产甘蔗品种选育与装备研制及集成示范”(2022YFD2301101-04); 国家糖料产业体系“甘蔗种质资源收集与评价”(CARS-17); 广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室开放课题项目“大茎野生种血缘优质种质抗倒性评价及抗倒机制研究”(21-238-16K-01-01); 云南省基础研究专项面上项目“甘蔗高糖亲本糖分积累机制研究”(202401AT070089); 云南省农业科学院甘蔗种质创新及新品种选育省创新团队(2019HC013); 云南省种子种业联合实验室项目(202205AR070001-13)

Variations Analysis of Sugarcane Stalk Fiber Components and Mechanical Properties in Progeny of Saccharum robustum Reciprocal Crosses

YU Huaxian1,2(), ZHAO Peifang1,2, AN Rudong1,2(), DONG Lihua1,2, TAO Lianan1,2, JING Yanfen1,2, LANG Rongbin1,2, BIAN Xin1,2, ZHANG Yu1,2, ZHANG Gemin3, ZHANG Baoqing3, YANG Cuifang3   

  1. 1 National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming 650205
    2 Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kaiyuan, Yunnan 661699
    3 Sugarcane Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Nanning 530000
  • Received:2024-09-02 Revised:2024-12-15 Published:2025-06-15 Online:2025-06-15

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摘要：

为探究甘蔗纤维组分与甘蔗茎秆力学之间的关系，以24份大茎野生种与热带种（南涧果蔗）的正反交后代为研究材料，分别运用高效液相色谱法和紫外分光光度法测定蔗茎纤维素、半纤维素和木质素含量，同时利用茎秆强度测试仪测定其近地端的茎秆折断力，对其进行方差分析和相关性分析。方差分析结果表明，24份参试材料茎秆的纤维素、半纤维素、木质素含量及近地端茎秆折断力均存在显著差异。其纤维素、半纤维素和木质素含量的范围依次是：27.50%~43.51%、13.14%~23.62%、12.38%~25.02%。相关性分析表明：蔗茎折断力与其茎秆纤维素和半纤维素含量极显著正相关，与酸溶木质素含量和酸不溶木质素含量正相关，表明蔗茎近地端的力学性能主要取决于茎秆中纤维素和半纤维素的含量。本研究筛选出高纤维组分的大茎野生种种质资源，可为后续甘蔗抗倒伏和抗虫害品种选育奠定种质基础。

关键词: 甘蔗, 大茎野生种, 南涧果蔗, 纤维组分, 折断力

Abstract:

In order to explore the relationship between sugarcane fiber components and sugarcane stem mechanics, 24 sugarcane germplasms derived from reciprocal crosses of Saccharum robustum were used as materials. The contents of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultraviolet spectrophotometry, respectively. Meanwhile, the stalk-breaking force near the ground end was measured using a stalk strength tester, followed by variance analysis and correlation analysis. The results of variance analysis revealed significant differences in cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents among the 24 sugarcane germplasms, as well as significant variations in the stalk-breaking force near the ground end. The contents of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin ranged from 27.50%-43.51%, 13.14%-23.62% and 12.38%-25.02%, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed that the stalk-breaking force exhibited a highly significant positive correlation with cellulose and hemicellulose contents, while showing a positive correlation with both acid-soluble lignin and acid-insoluble lignin contents. The mechanical properties of the tested germplasms stalks near the ground end were primarily determined by the cellulose and hemicellulose contents. Screening S. robustum germplasms with high fiber components could provide an excellent germplasm foundation for developing breakthrough sugarcane varieties with enhanced lodging resistance and pest resistance.

Key words: sugarcane, Saccharum robustum, Nanjian chewing cane, fiber component, breaking-resistance